Vettermann J, Warner D O, Brichant J F, Rehder K
Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1989 Jun;66(6):2698-703. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1989.66.6.2698.
Studies of the anesthetic effects on the airway often use pulmonary resistance (RL) as an index of airway caliber. To determine the effects of the volatile anesthetic, halothane, on tissue and airway components of RL, we measured both components in excised canine lungs before and during halothane administration. Tissue resistance (Rti), airway resistance (Raw), and dynamic lung compliance (CL, dyn) were determined at constant tidal volume and at ventilatory frequencies ranging from 5 to 45 min-1 by an alveolar capsule technique. Halothane decreased RL at each breathing frequency by causing significant decreases in both Raw and Rti but did not change the relative contribution of Rti to RL at any frequency. Halothane increased CL,dyn at each breathing frequency, although there was little change in the static pressure-volume relationship. The administration of isoproterenol both airway and tissue components of RL; it may act by relaxing the contractile elements in the lung. Both components must be considered when the effects of volatile anesthetics on RL are interpreted.
关于麻醉药对气道影响的研究通常将肺阻力（RL）作为气道管径的指标。为了确定挥发性麻醉药氟烷对RL的组织和气道成分的影响，我们在给予氟烷之前和期间测量了离体犬肺的这两种成分。通过肺泡囊技术在恒定潮气量和5至45次/分钟的通气频率下测定组织阻力（Rti）、气道阻力（Raw）和动态肺顺应性（CL，dyn）。氟烷通过使Raw和Rti均显著降低而在每个呼吸频率下降低RL，但在任何频率下均未改变Rti对RL的相对贡献。氟烷在每个呼吸频率下均增加CL，dyn，尽管静态压力-容积关系变化不大。异丙肾上腺素的给药降低了RL的气道和组织成分；它可能通过舒张肺中的收缩成分起作用。在解释挥发性麻醉药对RL的影响时，必须同时考虑这两种成分。
