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肤色对人体光生物学反应的影响。

The impact of skin colour on human photobiological responses.

作者信息

Fajuyigbe Damilola, Young Antony R

机构信息

Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, London, UK.

出版信息

Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 2016 Nov;29(6):607-618. doi: 10.1111/pcmr.12511. Epub 2016 Aug 16.

Abstract

Terrestrial solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exerts both beneficial and adverse effects on human skin. Epidemiological studies show a lower incidence of skin cancer in people with pigmented skins compared to fair skins. This is attributed to photoprotection by epidermal melanin, as is the poorer vitamin D status of those with darker skins. We summarize a wide range of photobiological responses across different skin colours including DNA damage and immunosuppression. Some studies show the generally modest photoprotective properties of melanin, but others show little or no effect. DNA photodamage initiates non-melanoma skin cancer and is reduced by a factor of about 3 in pigmented skin compared with white skin. This suggests that if such a modest reduction in DNA damage can result in the significantly lower skin cancer incidence in black skin, the use of sunscreen protection might be extremely beneficial for susceptible population. Many contradictory results may be explained by protocol differences, including differences in UVR spectra and exposure protocols. We recommend that skin type comparisons be done with solar-simulated radiation and standard erythema doses or physical doses (J/m ) rather than those based solely on clinical endpoints such as minimal erythema dose (MED).

摘要

陆地太阳紫外线辐射(UVR)对人体皮肤既有有益影响,也有不利影响。流行病学研究表明,与白种人相比,有色人种皮肤癌的发病率较低。这归因于表皮黑色素的光保护作用,肤色较深的人维生素D水平较低也是如此。我们总结了不同肤色的广泛光生物学反应,包括DNA损伤和免疫抑制。一些研究表明黑色素的光保护特性一般较为适度,但其他研究则显示几乎没有作用。DNA光损伤引发非黑色素瘤皮肤癌,与白色皮肤相比,有色皮肤中的DNA光损伤减少了约3倍。这表明,如果DNA损伤如此适度的减少就能导致黑人皮肤癌发病率显著降低,那么使用防晒保护措施可能对易感人群极为有益。许多相互矛盾的结果可能是由实验方案差异造成的,包括UVR光谱和暴露方案的差异。我们建议使用太阳模拟辐射和标准红斑剂量或物理剂量(焦耳/平方米)进行皮肤类型比较,而不是仅基于最小红斑剂量(MED)等临床终点进行比较。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8cc8/5132026/af68d3b21788/PCMR-29-607-g001.jpg

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