Riedmann Uwe, Dibben Chris, de Gruijl Frank R, Gorman Shelley, Hart Prue H, Hoel David G, Levy Carmit, Lindqvist Pelle G, Norval Mary, Parikh Shivang S, Pilz Stefan, Rueter Kristina, Slominski Andrzej T, Slominski Radomir M, Young Antony R, Zgaga Lina, Weller Richard B
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036, Graz, Austria.
Centre for Research on Environment, Society and Health (CRESH), School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Photochem Photobiol Sci. 2025 Jun 4. doi: 10.1007/s43630-025-00743-6.
Carcinogenic effects of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) with reference to skin cancer are the basis of widely implemented recommendations to avoid sun exposure. Whether the benefits of "restrictive sun policies" outweigh their potential harms due to diminished beneficial effects of sunlight exposure remain a matter of controversy. A meeting of experts investigating the beneficial effects of UVR exposure, emphasizing those not mediated by vitamin D, took place in Washington, D.C. on May 27-28, 2024, an excerpt of which is presented here. The aim was to update an inventory of sound scientific data and research on a great variety of implicated health effects. Large cohort studies indicate that various measures of higher sunlight or UVR exposure are associated with improved overall life expectancy. Evidence is accumulating that UVR may prevent and improve various diseases, particularly those related to inflammatory pathologies, though where possible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are still required to establish causality. Mechanistically, these beneficial effects of UVR extend far beyond vitamin D synthesis in the skin such as the lowering of blood pressure by nitric oxide released from the skin, and activation of neuro-immune-endocrine pathways by a plethora of other mediators at a local and systemic level. In conclusion, the compelling evidence on health benefits of UVR exposure requires serious consideration in public health policies to balance properly the harms and benefits of sunlight exposure and warrants further RCTs to explore the preventive and therapeutic potential of UVR irradiation.
紫外线辐射（UVR）对皮肤癌的致癌作用是广泛实施的避免阳光照射建议的依据。“限制性阳光政策”的益处是否超过因阳光照射有益效果减弱而产生的潜在危害，仍是一个有争议的问题。2024年5月27日至28日在华盛顿特区召开了一次专家会议，探讨UVR照射的有益效果，重点关注那些并非由维生素D介导的效果，本文给出了会议的部分内容。目的是更新一系列有关各种相关健康影响的可靠科学数据和研究的清单。大型队列研究表明，较高的阳光或UVR照射的各种指标与总体预期寿命的改善相关。越来越多的证据表明，UVR可能预防和改善各种疾病，尤其是那些与炎症性病理相关的疾病，不过在可能的情况下仍需要随机对照试验（RCT）来确定因果关系。从机制上讲，UVR的这些有益效果远远超出了皮肤中维生素D的合成，例如皮肤释放的一氧化氮可降低血压，以及众多其他介质在局部和全身水平激活神经 - 免疫 - 内分泌途径。总之，关于UVR照射对健康有益的有力证据需要在公共卫生政策中认真考虑，以便恰当地平衡阳光照射的危害和益处，并且需要进一步的RCT来探索UVR照射的预防和治疗潜力。
