Fefelova V V, Fefelova Yu A, Koloskova T P, Kazakova T V, Sergeeva E Yu
Vopr Pitan. 2016;85(2):24-30.
211 practically healthy girls, the students of Krasnoyarsk Medical University in the ages of 16 to 20 years, have been examined. We determined their somatotypes (euriplastic, athletic, subathletic and stenoplastic) and body composition (fat, muscle, bone component). Actual nutrition in these subjects was studied by the method. of 24-hour nutrition recall involving foodstuffs models. Energy consumption in cohorts with different somatotypes did not differ from one another and ranged from 1880 to 2115 kilocalories per day, that corresponded to normal physiological needs in women of this age with the coefficient of physical activity as 1.4 (students). Only the intake of fat (% of calories) exceeded the performance standards. As for macronutrients, the majority of indicators of nutrient intake did not differ significantly among girls with different somatotype, except for fat intake in girls with athletic and stenoplastic somatotypes (p<0.034) and carbohydrate consumption in the objects with euriplastic and subathletic somatotypes (p<0.046). The most significant of the findings is the absence of veracious differences in daily energy consumption between the cohorts with different somatotypes with statistically considerable, differences in both overall dimensions (body mass and length) and the ratios between fat, muscle and bone as somatic components. In general, macronutrient consumption did not show any differences as well. Thus, apart from the energy and macronutrient consumption, definite meaning within the process of the formation of body composition can belong to the characteristics of the changes following nutrition load on lipoid spectrum of blood serum as well 'as the peculiarities of the distribution of substrate flow among cell metabolic paths, appropriate of definite somatotypes.
对211名年龄在16至20岁之间的克拉斯诺亚尔斯克医科大学女学生进行了检查,她们实际上都很健康。我们确定了她们的体型(丰满型、运动型、亚运动型和狭窄型)以及身体成分(脂肪、肌肉、骨骼成分)。通过24小时饮食回顾法,借助食物模型研究了这些受试者的实际营养情况。不同体型人群的能量消耗彼此之间没有差异,每天的能量消耗范围在1880至2115千卡之间,这与该年龄、身体活动系数为1.4(学生)的女性的正常生理需求相对应。只有脂肪摄入量(占卡路里的百分比)超过了标准值。至于常量营养素,不同体型女孩的大多数营养素摄入指标没有显著差异,但运动型和狭窄型体型女孩的脂肪摄入量(p<0.034)以及丰满型和亚运动型体型对象的碳水化合物消耗量(p<0.046)除外。最显著的发现是,不同体型人群在每日能量消耗方面没有真实差异,而在总体尺寸(体重和身高)以及作为身体组成部分的脂肪、肌肉和骨骼之间的比例方面存在统计学上的显著差异。总体而言,常量营养素的消耗也没有显示出任何差异。因此,除了能量和常量营养素的消耗外,血清脂质谱上营养负荷后的变化特征以及特定体型所特有的细胞代谢途径中底物流的分布特点,在身体成分形成过程中可能也具有一定意义。