Liang Yuejin, Kwota Zakari, Sun Jiaren
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-1070, USA.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-1070, USA.
Int Immunopharmacol. 2016 Oct;39:106-112. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.07.021. Epub 2016 Jul 25.
It is generally accepted that the appropriate boost of early immune response will control viral replications and limit the immune-mediated pathology in viral hepatitis. However, poor immunity results in viral persistence, chronic inflammation and finally liver cirrhosis and carcinoma. As a peripheral non-lymphoid organ of immune surveillance, the liver continually encounters hundreds of molecules from the blood, including nutrients, toxins and pathogens. In this way, the liver maintains immune tolerance under healthy conditions, but responds quickly to the hepatotropic pathogens during the early stages of an infection. Although our knowledge of liver cell compositions and functions has been improved significantly in recent years, the intrahepatic immune regulation of antiviral T cells at the initial stage is complex and not well elucidated. Here, we summarize the role of liver cell subpopulations in regulating antiviral T cell response at the initial stages of viral infection. A better understanding of early hepatic immune regulation will pave the way for the development of novel therapies and vaccine design for human viral hepatitis.
一般认为，适当增强早期免疫反应将控制病毒复制，并限制病毒性肝炎中免疫介导的病理变化。然而，免疫力低下会导致病毒持续存在、慢性炎症，最终发展为肝硬化和肝癌。作为免疫监视的外周非淋巴器官，肝脏不断接触血液中的数百种分子，包括营养物质、毒素和病原体。通过这种方式，肝脏在健康条件下维持免疫耐受，但在感染早期对嗜肝病原体迅速做出反应。尽管近年来我们对肝细胞组成和功能的了解有了显著提高，但抗病毒T细胞在初始阶段的肝内免疫调节复杂且尚未得到充分阐明。在这里，我们总结了肝细胞亚群在病毒感染初始阶段调节抗病毒T细胞反应中的作用。更好地理解早期肝脏免疫调节将为人类病毒性肝炎的新型疗法开发和疫苗设计铺平道路。
