2013 - 2015年尼日利亚医护人员的罢工行动：对原因、后果及管控的调查——一项横断面描述性研究
Industrial action by healthcare workers in Nigeria in 2013-2015: an inquiry into causes, consequences and control-a cross-sectional descriptive study.
作者信息
Oleribe Obinna Ositadimma, Ezieme Iheaka Paul, Oladipo Olabisi, Akinola Ezinne Patience, Udofia Deborah, Taylor-Robinson Simon D
机构信息
Excellence & Friends Management Care Centre (EFMC), Abuja, Nigeria.
, No 8, Excellence and Friends Street, Dutse, P. O. Box 200, PSIN, 901101, Abuja, Nigeria.
出版信息
Hum Resour Health. 2016 Jul 27;14(1):46. doi: 10.1186/s12960-016-0142-7.
BACKGROUND
Nigeria has suffered from several healthcare workers' strikes in the past 36 months, involving all categories of health workers. Frequent healthcare workers' strikes result in the closure of public healthcare institutions preventing Nigerians' access to quality health services. The purpose of this study was to identify the root cause(s) of strikes by healthcare workers, their effects on the health system and possible solutions to prevent, or at least reduce, industrial action.
METHODS
A cross-sectional descriptive survey was used to execute this study between February and March 2015. A self-administered questionnaire with both closed- and open-ended questions was used for this study. Data were analysed using EpiData™ and SPSS 21. Simple frequencies and chi-square analysis were carried out.
RESULTS
A total of 150 healthcare workers participated in the study. Sixty-two (41.3 %) participants were males, 86 (57.3 %) married, 90 (60.0 %) Christians and 119 (79.3 %) graduates, and about half of the participants earn less than N129 000.00 (US$ 737.00) per month. Less than half of the participants (43.6 %) supported industrial actions. Poor healthcare leadership and management were cited as the most common (92 %), as well as the most important (43.3 %), cause of healthcare worker strikes in Nigeria. Other causes cited were a demand for higher salaries and wages (82 %), infrastructural issues (63.3 %) and inter-personal issues (61.3 %). Only 2.0 % rated current healthcare management as excellent, while 24.0 % rated it as very good. Several strategies were cited towards improving healthcare management.
CONCLUSIONS
The findings of this study differ from previous studies that identified demand for increased salaries and wages as the most common cause of healthcare workers' strikes in Nigeria. Identified causes of these continued strikes, especially inadequate healthcare leadership/management, must be tackled in order to eliminate industrial action by healthcare workers. Training doctors in health management and leadership towards building skilled physician leaders is a strategy that is long overdue in Nigeria.
背景
在过去36个月里，尼日利亚经历了几次医护人员罢工，涉及各类医护人员。频繁的医护人员罢工导致公共医疗机构关闭，使尼日利亚人无法获得优质医疗服务。本研究的目的是确定医护人员罢工的根本原因、罢工对医疗系统的影响以及预防或至少减少劳工行动的可能解决方案。
方法
2015年2月至3月间采用横断面描述性调查进行本研究。本研究使用了一份包含封闭式和开放式问题的自填问卷。数据使用EpiData™和SPSS 21进行分析。进行了简单频率分析和卡方分析。
结果
共有150名医护人员参与了本研究。62名（41.3%）参与者为男性，86名（57.3%）已婚，90名（60.0%）是基督徒，119名（79.3%）是毕业生，约一半参与者每月收入低于129,000.00奈拉（737.00美元）。不到一半的参与者（43.6%）支持劳工行动。医疗领导和管理不善被认为是尼日利亚医护人员罢工最常见的原因（92%），也是最重要的原因（43.3%）。其他被提及的原因包括要求提高薪资（82%）、基础设施问题（63.3%）和人际问题（61.3%）。只有2.0%的人认为当前医疗管理优秀，而24.0%的人认为非常好。人们提到了几种改善医疗管理的策略。
结论
本研究的结果与之前将要求提高薪资作为尼日利亚医护人员罢工最常见原因的研究不同。必须解决这些持续罢工已确定的原因，特别是医疗领导/管理不足的问题，以消除医护人员的劳工行动。在尼日利亚，培训医生进行健康管理和领导力以培养熟练的医师领导者是一项早就该实施的策略。
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