Milazzo Marco, Cattano Carlo, Alonzo Suzanne H, Foggo Andrew, Gristina Michele, Rodolfo-Metalpa Riccardo, Sinopoli Mauro, Spatafora Davide, Stiver Kelly A, Hall-Spencer Jason M
Department of Earth and Marine Sciences (DiSTeM), CoNISMa, University of Palermo, Palermo 90123, Italy
Department of Earth and Marine Sciences (DiSTeM), CoNISMa, University of Palermo, Palermo 90123, Italy.
Proc Biol Sci. 2016 Jul 27;283(1835). doi: 10.1098/rspb.2016.1021.
Fish exhibit impaired sensory function and altered behaviour at levels of ocean acidification expected to occur owing to anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions during this century. We provide the first evidence of the effects of ocean acidification on reproductive behaviour of fish in the wild. Satellite and sneaker male ocellated wrasse (Symphodus ocellatus) compete to fertilize eggs guarded by dominant nesting males. Key mating behaviours such as dominant male courtship and nest defence did not differ between sites with ambient versus elevated CO2 concentrations. Dominant males did, however, experience significantly lower rates of pair spawning at elevated CO2 levels. Despite the higher risk of sperm competition found at elevated CO2, we also found a trend of lower satellite and sneaker male paternity at elevated CO2 Given the importance of fish for food security and ecosystem stability, this study highlights the need for targeted research into the effects of rising CO2 levels on patterns of reproduction in wild fish.
在本世纪由于人为二氧化碳排放预计会出现的海洋酸化水平下，鱼类表现出感官功能受损和行为改变。我们首次提供了海洋酸化对野生鱼类繁殖行为影响的证据。卫星型和偷腥型雄性眼斑海猪鱼（Symphodus ocellatus）会竞争为占主导地位的筑巢雄性守护的鱼卵受精。在二氧化碳浓度处于环境水平与升高水平的地点之间，诸如占主导地位的雄性求偶和巢穴防御等关键交配行为并无差异。然而，在二氧化碳浓度升高时，占主导地位的雄性配对产卵率显著降低。尽管在二氧化碳浓度升高时精子竞争风险更高，但我们也发现，在二氧化碳浓度升高时，卫星型和偷腥型雄性的父权有降低的趋势。鉴于鱼类对粮食安全和生态系统稳定性的重要性，本研究凸显了针对二氧化碳水平上升对野生鱼类繁殖模式影响开展针对性研究的必要性。
