Cheng Y Song, Bleier Benjamin S
Adv Otorhinolaryngol. 2016;79:38-47. doi: 10.1159/000445094. Epub 2016 Jul 28.
Permeability glycoprotein (P-gp) is an active efflux membrane transporter that has been researched extensively due to its ability to confer multidrug resistance in a wide range of cancers. P-gp has an impressively broad substrate specificity and is known to interact with hundreds of compounds, including drugs and toxins. This substrate promiscuity is the key to its physiological role, and P-gp is thought to be responsible for extruding xenobiotics and cellular metabolites, as well as maintaining tissue barriers at the blood-brain interface and gastrointestinal epithelium. In addition, P-gp is thought to be involved in regulating immune responses and is able to influence the secretion of cytokines and chemokines. This role as an immunomodulator links P-gp activity in the sinonasal epithelium with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), and a series of studies have provided evidence suggesting that P-gp may be a potential therapeutic target for treating CRS. Here, we highlight key knowledge about this intriguing protein, which may offer an important advancement in our understanding of CRS pathogenesis.
通透性糖蛋白（P-糖蛋白）是一种主动外排膜转运蛋白，因其能够赋予多种癌症多药耐药性而受到广泛研究。P-糖蛋白具有极其广泛的底物特异性，已知能与数百种化合物相互作用，包括药物和毒素。这种底物混杂性是其生理作用的关键，人们认为P-糖蛋白负责排出外源性物质和细胞代谢产物，以及维持血脑屏障和胃肠道上皮的组织屏障。此外，人们认为P-糖蛋白参与调节免疫反应，并能够影响细胞因子和趋化因子的分泌。这种作为免疫调节剂的作用将鼻黏膜上皮中的P-糖蛋白活性与慢性鼻-鼻窦炎（CRS）联系起来，一系列研究提供的证据表明，P-糖蛋白可能是治疗CRS的潜在治疗靶点。在此，我们重点介绍关于这种有趣蛋白质的关键知识，这可能为我们理解CRS发病机制带来重要进展。
