Bolden Jay S, Warburton Rob E, Phelan Robert, Murphy Marie, Smith Kelly R, De Felippis Michael R, Chen Dayue
Global Quality Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA.
Bioproduct Research and Development, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA.
Biologicals. 2016 Sep;44(5):434-40. doi: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2016.04.009. Epub 2016 Jul 26.
A phenomenon initially reported by Chen and Vinther in 2013 [1], and now commonly referred to as low endotoxin recovery (LER), has prompted the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to request specific data demonstrating the capability of the LAL BET method (i.e., USP <85>) to recover endotoxin from spiked samples over time. The results of these spike/hold recovery studies are expected to be included in the Biologics License Applications (BLA) for review by the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) Hughes (2014) and Hughes et al. (2015) [2,3]. Such studies involve spiking a known amount of a surrogate endotoxin, such as purified lipopolysaccharide (LPS), into undiluted biological products and then testing at different time points to determine the recovery over time. We report here the experience and learning gained from conducting spike/hold recovery studies for a monoclonal antibody (Mab) product. Results from initial hold studies spiked with purified LPS showed rapid loss of endotoxin activity in the drug substance (DS) and significant batch-to-batch variation in the drug product (DP). After careful review and examination of the experimental details, it was determined that the study design and execution differed from the routine batch release USP <85> BET method with regard to mixing time and sampling scheme. The hold study design was subsequently revised so that the mixing time and sampling were the same as the verified USP <85> BET method used for routine batch release testing. The spike/hold recovery studies were repeated and the results demonstrated that LPS could be consistently recovered over time. These findings highlight the importance of carefully controlling sample preparation procedures in a spike/hold recovery study in order to demonstrate the suitability of using the LAL BET method for endotoxin detection.
一种最初由陈和温特于2013年报道的现象[1],现在通常被称为低内毒素回收率(LER),这促使美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)要求提供特定数据,以证明鲎试剂比色法(即美国药典<85>)随时间推移从加标样品中回收内毒素的能力。这些加标/留样回收率研究的结果预计将包含在生物制品许可申请(BLA)中,以供药物评价和研究中心(CDER)审查(休斯,2014年;休斯等人,2015年)[2,3]。此类研究包括将已知量的替代内毒素(如纯化的脂多糖(LPS))加入未稀释的生物制品中,然后在不同时间点进行检测,以确定随时间的回收率。我们在此报告对一种单克隆抗体(Mab)产品进行加标/留样回收率研究的经验和收获。最初用纯化LPS进行的留样研究结果表明,原料药(DS)中的内毒素活性迅速丧失,且制剂(DP)批次间差异显著。在仔细审查和检查实验细节后,确定在混合时间和取样方案方面,研究设计和执行与常规批次放行的美国药典<85>鲎试剂比色法不同。随后对留样研究设计进行了修订,使混合时间和取样与用于常规批次放行检测的经过验证的美国药典<85>鲎试剂比色法相同。重复进行加标/留样回收率研究,结果表明LPS可随时间持续回收。这些发现突出了在加标/留样回收率研究中仔细控制样品制备程序的重要性,以证明使用鲎试剂比色法检测内毒素的适用性。