Heenehan Heather L, Tyne Julian A, Bejder Lars, Van Parijs Sofie M, Johnston David W
Division of Marine Science and Conservation, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke, University Marine Laboratory, 135 Duke Marine Lab Road, Beaufort, North Carolina 28516, USA.
Murdoch University Cetacean Research Unit, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2016 Jul;140(1):206. doi: 10.1121/1.4955094.
Effective decision making to protect coastally associated dolphins relies on monitoring the presence of animals in areas that are critical to their survival. Hawaiian spinner dolphins forage at night and rest during the day in shallow bays. Due to their predictable presence, they are targeted by dolphin-tourism. In this study, comparisons of presence were made between passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) and vessel-based visual surveys in Hawaiian spinner dolphin resting bays. DSG-Ocean passive acoustic recording devices were deployed in four bays along the Kona Coast of Hawai'i Island between January 8, 2011 and August 30, 2012. The devices sampled at 80 kHz, making 30-s recordings every four minutes. Overall, dolphins were acoustically detected on 37.1% to 89.6% of recording days depending on the bay. Vessel-based visual surveys overlapped with the PAM surveys on 202 days across the four bays. No significant differences were found between visual and acoustic detections suggesting acoustic surveys can be used as a proxy for visual surveys. Given the need to monitor dolphin presence across sites, PAM is the most suitable and efficient tool for monitoring long-term presence/absence. Concomitant photo-identification surveys are necessary to address changes in abundance over time.
保护与海岸相关的海豚的有效决策依赖于监测对它们生存至关重要的区域内动物的存在情况。夏威夷旋喙海豚夜间觅食，白天在浅湾休息。由于它们的出现具有可预测性，它们成为了海豚观光的目标。在这项研究中，对夏威夷旋喙海豚休息海湾中被动声学监测（PAM）和基于船只的目视调查之间的动物存在情况进行了比较。2011年1月8日至2012年8月30日期间，DSG - Ocean被动声学记录设备被部署在夏威夷岛科纳海岸沿线的四个海湾。这些设备以80kHz进行采样，每四分钟进行一次30秒的录音。总体而言，根据海湾不同，在37.1%至89.6%的录音日能通过声学检测到海豚。基于船只的目视调查与四个海湾的PAM调查在202天有重叠。目视检测和声学检测之间未发现显著差异，这表明声学调查可作为目视调查的替代方法。鉴于需要监测不同地点海豚的存在情况，PAM是监测长期存在/不存在情况的最合适和高效的工具。同时进行照片识别调查对于了解数量随时间的变化是必要的。
