Sü Gül Zühre, Xiang Ning, Çalışkan Mehmet
Department of Architecture, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey.
Graduate Program in Architectural Acoustics, School of Architecture, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2016 Jul;140(1):344. doi: 10.1121/1.4953691.
This work investigates the sound energy decays and flows in the Süleymaniye Mosque in İstanbul. This is a single-space superstructure having multiple domes. The study searches for the non-exponential sound energy decay characteristics. The effect of different material surfaces and volumetric contributions are investigated using acoustic simulations and in situ acoustical measurements. Sound energy decay rates are estimated by Bayesian decay analysis. The measured data reveal double- or triple-slope energy decay profiles within the superstructure. To shed light on the mechanism of energy exchanges resulting in multi-slope decay, spatial sound energy distributions and energy flow vectors are studied by diffusion equation model (DEM) simulations. The resulting sound energy flow vector maps highlight the contribution of a sound-reflective central dome contrasted with an absorptive carpeted floor in providing delayed energy feedback. In contrast, no multi-slope energy decay pattern is observed in DEM simulations with a bare marble floor, which generates a much more diffuse sound field than in the real situation with a carpeted floor. The results demonstrate that energy fragmentation, in support of the non-exponential energy decay profile, is due to both the sound absorption characteristics of materials and to their distributions, as well as to relations between the subvolumes of the mosque's interior.
这项工作研究了伊斯坦布尔苏莱曼尼耶清真寺内的声能衰减和流动情况。这是一个具有多个穹顶的单空间上层建筑。该研究探寻非指数型声能衰减特性。利用声学模拟和现场声学测量，研究了不同材料表面和体积贡献的影响。通过贝叶斯衰减分析估算声能衰减率。实测数据揭示了上层建筑内双斜率或三斜率的能量衰减曲线。为了阐明导致多斜率衰减的能量交换机制，通过扩散方程模型（DEM）模拟研究了空间声能分布和能量流向量。由此产生的声能流向量图突出了反射声音的中央穹顶与铺设地毯的吸音地板相比，在提供延迟能量反馈方面的作用。相比之下，在模拟铺设大理石地板的DEM中未观察到多斜率能量衰减模式，与铺设地毯的实际情况相比，大理石地板产生的声场更加扩散。结果表明，支持非指数型能量衰减曲线的能量碎片化，是由于材料的吸声特性及其分布，以及清真寺内部子体积之间的关系所致。
