Redick R W, Witkin M J, Atay J E, Manderscheid R W
Ment Health Stat Note. 1989 May(190):1-13. doi: 10.1037/e478312004-001.
Results from the 1985 NIMH Inventory show that 1,339 (43 percent) of the 3,118 mental health organizations surveyed provided mental health services to mentally disordered adult offenders. Almost three-fifths of these forensic services were in multiservice mental health organizations, 23 percent were in freestanding psychiatric outpatient clinics, 14 percent in State mental hospitals, 4 percent in private psychiatric hospitals, and less than 2 percent in residential treatment centers for emotionally disturbed children and freestanding psychiatric partial care organizations. About two-thirds of the 289 State mental hospitals provided forensic services; 55 percent of the 1,383 multiservice mental health organizations and 40 percent of the 756 freestanding psychiatric outpatient clinics offered these services. Psychiatric assessment was the forensic service provided by the largest number of mental health organizations. This was followed, in order, by consultation to law enforcement staff and attorneys, psychiatric outpatient care, monitoring of medication, emergency mental health care, inpatient/residential care, partial care, and emergency detention. About 200,000 mentally disordered offenders received psychiatric assessment services from mental health organizations; slightly over 100,000 were provided psychiatric outpatient care, and smaller numbers of clients received other types of forensic services. A total of 14,538 full-time equivalent (FTE) patient care staff were involved in the delivery of forensic services. In addition, State mental hospitals reported 4,525 FTE administrative and support staff serving forensic patients. Special funding for forensic services, totaling $639 million, was received by just over half of the mental health organizations with these services. About four-fifths of this funding came from State mental health agencies, with the remainder provided by sources such as State correctional agencies, State courts or other State sources, city/county jails, city/county courts, and other local public sources.
1985年美国国立精神卫生研究所调查结果显示，在接受调查的3118家精神卫生机构中，有1339家（43%）为成年精神错乱罪犯提供精神卫生服务。这些法医服务中，近五分之三是由提供多种服务的精神卫生机构提供的，23%是由独立的精神病门诊诊所提供的，14%是由州立精神病医院提供的，4%是由私立精神病医院提供的，而在情绪困扰儿童住院治疗中心和独立的精神病部分护理机构中提供的比例不到2%。289家州立精神病医院中约三分之二提供法医服务；1383家提供多种服务的精神卫生机构中有55%、756家独立的精神病门诊诊所中有40%提供这些服务。精神病评估是大多数精神卫生机构提供的法医服务。其次依次是为执法人员和律师提供咨询、精神病门诊护理、药物监测、紧急精神卫生护理、住院/寄宿护理、部分护理和紧急拘留。约20万名精神错乱罪犯接受了精神卫生机构的精神病评估服务；略多于10万人接受了精神病门诊护理，接受其他类型法医服务的患者人数较少。共有14538名全职等效（FTE）患者护理人员参与提供法医服务。此外，州立精神病医院报告称，有4525名FTE行政和支持人员为法医患者服务。提供这些服务且拥有法医服务专项拨款的精神卫生机构略超过半数，专项拨款总额达6.39亿美元。这笔资金中约五分之四来自州精神卫生机构，其余部分由州惩教机构、州法院或其他州来源、市县监狱、市县法院及其他地方公共来源等提供。
