Kostić Jovana, Kolarević Stoimir, Kračun-Kolarević Margareta, Aborgiba Mustafa, Gačić Zoran, Lenhardt Mirjana, Vuković-Gačić Branka
Faculty of Biology, Chair of Microbiology, Center for Genotoxicology and Ecogenotoxicology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2016 Oct;23(20):20783-20795. doi: 10.1007/s11356-016-7213-0. Epub 2016 Jul 30.
This study examines the use of freshwater bream (Abramis brama) as a sentinel organism for genotoxicity assessment of the Danube River using the comet assay. Sampling of bream was performed during February, April, August, and November in 2014 to assess seasonal variation of DNA damage level as a response to genotoxicity in annual cycle. Additionally, concentrations of fecal coliforms and enterococci were analyzed and they indicated a critical to strong level of fecal pollution on investigated locality during annual cycle. Comet assay was performed on blood, liver, and gill cells of bream. DNA damage level was expressed using tail intensity (TI %), Olive tail moment (OTM), and tail length (TL pix). According to TI and OTM, all three tissues had the highest level of DNA damage in August. The lowest level of DNA damage in liver was measured during February, in blood during November, and in gills during April. According to TL, gills had the highest level of DNA damage in February, and liver cells had the lowest level of damage during April. Multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) showed that DNA damage in blood cells is under the strong influence of variations in NO, NO, NH levels and also the variation in temperature and oxygen levels. DNA damage in liver cells is highly associated with the variations of Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, and PO levels. DNA damage in gill cells is strongly affected by the variations of As, Cd, Pb, Cr, and COD (Mn) levels. Freshwater bream is shown to be a potentially good indicator organism in genotoxic potential field studies.
本研究使用彗星试验，检测淡水鲷（欧鳊）作为多瑙河遗传毒性评估的指示生物的情况。2014年2月、4月、8月和11月对鲷进行采样，以评估年度周期中DNA损伤水平的季节性变化，作为对遗传毒性的响应。此外，分析了粪大肠菌群和肠球菌的浓度，结果表明在年度周期中，调查地点存在严重至极强水平的粪便污染。对鲷的血液、肝脏和鳃细胞进行彗星试验。DNA损伤水平用尾强度（TI%）、橄榄尾矩（OTM）和尾长（TL像素）表示。根据TI和OTM，所有三个组织在8月的DNA损伤水平最高。肝脏中DNA损伤水平最低的情况出现在2月，血液中出现在11月，鳃中出现在4月。根据TL，鳃在2月的DNA损伤水平最高，肝细胞在4月的损伤水平最低。多重对应分析（MCA）表明，血细胞中的DNA损伤受到NO、NO、NH水平变化以及温度和氧气水平变化的强烈影响。肝细胞中的DNA损伤与Mn、Fe、Cu、Zn和PO水平的变化高度相关。鳃细胞中的DNA损伤受到As、Cd、Pb、Cr和COD（Mn）水平变化的强烈影响。淡水鲷在遗传毒性潜在领域研究中显示为一种潜在的良好指示生物。
