Scrivani Steven J, Spierings Egilius L H
Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pain, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Warren 1201, Massachusetts General Hospital, 15 Parkman Street, Suite 230, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Tufts University Schools of Medicine and Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2016 Aug;28(3):233-46. doi: 10.1016/j.coms.2016.04.003.
Pain in the orofacial region is a common presenting symptom. The majority of symptoms are related to dental disease and the cause can readily be established, the problem dealt with, and the pain eliminated. However, pain may persist and defy attempts at treatment. Intractable oral or facial pain can be diagnostically challenging. To make a definitive diagnosis and initiate proper treatment, a rigorous protocol for evaluation includes a thorough history and an appropriate comprehensive clinical examination and diagnostic testing, including chief complaint, history of present illness, medical history, physical examination, diagnostic studies, including imaging, and psychosocial evaluation.
口面部疼痛是一种常见的就诊症状。大多数症状与牙病有关，病因很容易确定，问题能够得到处理，疼痛也能消除。然而，疼痛可能持续存在且治疗效果不佳。顽固性口腔或面部疼痛在诊断上具有挑战性。为了做出明确诊断并开始适当治疗，严格的评估方案包括全面的病史、适当的综合临床检查和诊断测试，包括主诉、现病史、病史、体格检查、诊断性研究（包括影像学检查）以及社会心理评估。
