Wang Huawei, Wang Ya-Nan, Li Xiaoyue, Sun Yingjie, Wu Hao, Chen Dali
College of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, PR China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Bioremediation, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, PR China.
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
Waste Manag. 2016 Oct;56:271-9. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.07.040. Epub 2016 Jul 29.
Concentrated leachate from membrane treatment process, which contains large amount of difficult-to-degrade humic substances, can induce potential hazards to ecological environment. In this study, the concentrated leachates from reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) were treated by continuous ozone generating-reaction integrated equipment, and the removal characteristics of humic substances were analyzed using gel filtration chromatography (GFC), excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy (EEM), XAD-8 resin fractionation, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results of XRD-8 fractionation and SUVA254 showed that the humic substances including humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA), were effectively removed along with the breakdown of aromatic hydrocarbons and decrease in the degree of humification during the ozonation process. After 110min of reaction, HA in both concentrated leachates was completely removed. GFC analysis indicated that both concentrated leachates had much broader distribution after the degradation. The high molecular weight (MW) organic matter was transformed into low molecular weight of <10kDa. The majority of high MW organics in NF concentrate were converted to low MW molecules of 10kDa-1kDa, while those in RO concentrate were decomposed to small MW molecules of <1kDa. The results of EEM analysis implied that the degradation of HA and FA led to a significant decrease in the fluorescence intensity. Though the effluent of two concentrated leachate did not meet the maximum allowable criterion for leachate direct or indirect discharge standard in China, the composition and properties of organic matters in concentrated leachate were changed significantly after entire ozonation reaction, which would be conducive to the further biological treatment or other advanced treatment.
膜处理工艺产生的浓缩渗滤液含有大量难降解的腐殖质,会对生态环境造成潜在危害。本研究采用连续臭氧发生 - 反应一体化设备处理反渗透(RO)和纳滤(NF)产生的浓缩渗滤液,并利用凝胶过滤色谱(GFC)、激发 - 发射矩阵荧光光谱(EEM)、XAD - 8树脂分级以及傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)分析腐殖质的去除特性。XRD - 8分级和SUVA254的结果表明,在臭氧化过程中,包括腐殖酸(HA)和富里酸(FA)在内的腐殖质随着芳烃的分解和腐殖化程度的降低而被有效去除。反应110分钟后,两种浓缩渗滤液中的HA均被完全去除。GFC分析表明,降解后两种浓缩渗滤液的分布范围更广。高分子量(MW)有机物转化为分子量小于10kDa的低分子量有机物。NF浓缩液中的大部分高分子量有机物转化为10kDa - 1kDa的低分子量分子,而RO浓缩液中的高分子量有机物则分解为分子量小于1kDa的小分子。EEM分析结果表明,HA和FA的降解导致荧光强度显著降低。虽然两种浓缩渗滤液的出水不符合中国渗滤液直接或间接排放标准的最大允许标准,但经过整个臭氧化反应后,浓缩渗滤液中有机物的组成和性质发生了显著变化,这将有利于进一步的生物处理或其他深度处理。