Zazouli Mohammad Ali, Kalankesh Laleh R
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Health Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
PhD student of Health Science, Student Research Committee, Department of Environmental Health Science, Health Sciences Research Center, School of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
J Environ Health Sci Eng. 2017 Dec 8;15:25. doi: 10.1186/s40201-017-0285-z. eCollection 2017.
Disinfection by-products (DBPs) have heterogeneous structures which are suspected carcinogens as a result of reactions between NOMs (Natural Organic Matter) and oxidants/disinfectants such as chlorine. Because of variability in DBPs characteristics, eliminate completely from drinking water by single technique is impossible. The current article reviews removal of the precursors and DBPs by different membrane filtration methods such as Microfiltration (MF), Ultrafiltration (UF), Nanofiltration (NF) and Reverse Osmosis (RO) techniques. Also, we provide an overview of existing and potentially Membrane filtration techniques, highlight their strengths and drawbacks. MF membranes are a suitable alternative to remove suspended solids and colloidal materials. However, NOMs fractions are effectively removed by negatively charged UF membrane. RO can remove both organic and inorganic DBPs and precursors simultaneously. NF can be used to remove compounds from macromolecular size to multivalent ions.
消毒副产物（DBPs）具有异质结构，由于天然有机物（NOMs）与氧化剂/消毒剂（如氯）之间的反应，它们被怀疑是致癌物。由于消毒副产物特性的变异性，采用单一技术从饮用水中完全去除是不可能的。本文综述了通过不同的膜过滤方法（如微滤（MF）、超滤（UF）、纳滤（NF）和反渗透（RO）技术）去除前体物质和消毒副产物的情况。此外，我们概述了现有的和潜在的膜过滤技术，突出了它们的优点和缺点。微滤膜是去除悬浮固体和胶体物质的合适选择。然而，带负电荷的超滤膜能有效去除天然有机物组分。反渗透可以同时去除有机和无机消毒副产物及其前体物质。纳滤可用于去除从大分子尺寸到多价离子的化合物。
