Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto de Geociências, Departamento de Geologia e Geofísica Marinha, Avenida General Milton Tavares de Souza, s/n, Niterói, 24210-346 RJ, Brazil.
Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto de Geociências, Departamento de Geologia e Geofísica Marinha, Avenida General Milton Tavares de Souza, s/n, Niterói, 24210-346 RJ, Brazil.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2016 Nov;133:306-15. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.07.012. Epub 2016 Jul 30.
Total concentrations of Ni, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn were determined in surface sediments from 30 stations in Guanabara Bay in 1999 and 2008. An approach using various environmental indices was used to assess contamination status of metals. This approach allowed the comparison with different coastal areas. Background Enrichment Index, Contamination index and Ecological Risk index (Pollution Load Index; Sediment Quality Guideline Quotient and Ecological Risk Index) were calculated for the metals. Results revealed a great load of organic matter and significant increases in Cu and Pb levels between 1999 and 2008. The concentrations of Cr and Zn were of great concern, surpassing the values of Probable Effect Level reference values. In spite of the differences of each index, results effectively revealed the striking contamination in Guanabara Bay concerning trace metals, and also suggested potential risk to local biota. The contamination of the northwest area was notably higher than the rest of the bay. In comparison with some other coastal bays around the world, Guanabara Bay stood out as a remarkably contaminated environment.
1999 年和 2008 年，在瓜纳巴拉湾的 30 个站点采集了表层沉积物，测定了镍、铬、铜、铅和锌的总量。采用多种环境指数的方法评估了金属的污染状况。这种方法可以与不同的沿海地区进行比较。为这些金属计算了背景富集指数、污染指数和生态风险指数（污染负荷指数、沉积物质量指导值比值和生态风险指数）。结果表明，1999 年至 2008 年间，有机物负荷量很大，铜和铅的含量显著增加。铬和锌的浓度令人担忧，超过了可能效应水平参考值。尽管每个指数的差异，结果有效地揭示了瓜纳巴拉湾关于痕量金属的显著污染，并暗示了对当地生物群的潜在风险。西北区域的污染明显高于湾内其他区域。与世界上其他一些沿海海湾相比，瓜纳巴拉湾是一个污染严重的环境。
