Freihofer H P
SSO Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnheilkd. 1978 May;88(5):486-96.
Clinically, praecancerosis of the oral mucosa may be classified into the following groups: Whitish, flat changes, reddish changes, papillary changes and ulcers. Combination of the various groups and flowing transition between them is often observed. It can be shown that praecancerosis can be neither clearly distinguished from benign tumors or changes, nor can it be differentiated from already existing malignomas. The same picture of a disease can occur in various clinical aspects. On the other hand, histologically very different changes may often hardly be distinguished clinically. A change in the oral mucosa must therefore be regarded as possibly malignous as long as not proven to the contrary. Also, it is important to check, at regular intervals, changes diagnosed benign, since the possibility of malignous change cannot be ignored.
临床上，口腔黏膜癌前病变可分为以下几类：白色扁平病变、红色病变、乳头状病变和溃疡。常可见到各类病变相互组合以及它们之间的移行变化。可以看出，癌前病变既无法与良性肿瘤或病变清晰区分，也难以与已有的恶性肿瘤相鉴别。同一种疾病表现可出现在不同的临床情况中。另一方面，组织学上差异很大的病变在临床上往往也很难区分。因此，只要未被证伪，口腔黏膜的病变就应被视为可能恶变。此外，定期检查诊断为良性的病变也很重要，因为恶变的可能性不容忽视。
