Berg Vidar, Kraugerud Marianne, Nourizadeh-Lillabadi Rasoul, Olsvik Pål A, Skåre Janneche U, Alestrøm Peter, Ropstad Erik, Zimmer Karin Elisabeth, Lyche Jan L
a Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology , Norwegian University of Life Sciences , Oslo , Norway.
b Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine , Norwegian University of Life Sciences , Oslo , Norway.
J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2016;79(13-15):538-48. doi: 10.1080/15287394.2016.1171980.
A series of studies have assessed the occurrence, levels, and potential adverse effects of persistent organic pollutants (POP) in fish from Lake Mjøsa. In this lake, high levels of various POP were detected in biota. Fish from the nearby Lake Losna contain background levels of POP and served as reference (controls) in these studies. Significantly higher prevalence of mycobacteriosis and pathological changes were documented in burbot (Lota lota) from Mjøsa compared to burbot from Losna. Further, transcriptional profiling identified changes in gene expression in burbot from Mjøsa compared to burbot from Losna associated with drug metabolism enzymes and oxidative stress. POP extracted from burbot liver oil from the two lakes was used to expose zebrafish (Danio rerio) during two consecutive generations. During both generations, POP mixtures from both lakes increased the rate of mortality, induced earlier onset of puberty, and skewed sex ratio toward males. However, opposite effects on weight gain were found in exposure groups compared to controls during the two generations. Exposure to POP from both lakes was associated with suppression of ovarian follicle development. Analyses of genome-wide transcription profiling identified functional networks of genes associated with weight homeostasis, steroid hormone functions, and insulin signaling. In human cell studies using adrenocortical H295R and primary porcine theca and granulosa cells, exposure to lake extracts from both populations modulated steroid hormone production with significant difference from controls. The results suggest that POP from both lakes may possess the potential to induce endocrine disruption and may adversely affect health in wild fish.
一系列研究评估了米约萨湖鱼类中持久性有机污染物（POP）的出现情况、含量水平及潜在不良影响。在该湖中，生物群体内检测到了高含量的各种POP。来自附近洛斯纳湖的鱼类含有POP的背景含量，并在这些研究中作为对照（控制组）。与洛斯纳湖的江鳕相比，记录显示米约萨湖的江鳕（Lota lota）中分枝杆菌病的患病率和病理变化显著更高。此外，转录谱分析确定，与洛斯纳湖的江鳕相比，米约萨湖的江鳕中与药物代谢酶和氧化应激相关的基因表达发生了变化。从两个湖泊的江鳕肝油中提取的POP被用于连续两代暴露斑马鱼（Danio rerio）。在两代暴露期间，两个湖泊的POP混合物均提高了死亡率、使青春期提前开始，并使性别比例向雄性倾斜。然而，与对照组相比，两代暴露组的体重增加出现了相反的影响。暴露于两个湖泊的POP均与卵巢卵泡发育受抑制有关。全基因组转录谱分析确定了与体重稳态、类固醇激素功能和胰岛素信号传导相关的基因功能网络。在使用肾上腺皮质H295R细胞以及原代猪卵泡膜细胞和颗粒细胞的人体细胞研究中，暴露于两个种群的湖泊提取物均调节了类固醇激素的产生，与对照组有显著差异。结果表明，两个湖泊的POP可能具有诱导内分泌干扰的潜力，并可能对野生鱼类的健康产生不利影响。
