Stejskal J, Kodet R, Kodetová D
Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Pediatric Medicine, Charles' University, Prague, Czechoslovakia.
Pathol Res Pract. 1989 Mar;184(3):331-6. doi: 10.1016/S0344-0338(89)80095-0.
Since the turn of this century the term twin-glomeruli (TG) designates a pair of glomerular capillary tufts supplied by a single afferent arteriole. Screening for TG has been performed in a series of kidney slides from 200 unselected consecutive autopsy cases with 21 (10.5%) positive results. Serial sectioning of 21 TG-positive and 10-TG-negative kidneys revealed the frequency of TG = 0.48% (71 among 15035 glomeruli) in the first group and 0.38% (32 TG among 8241 glomeruli) in the second. In individual cases the frequency ranged from zero up to 1.73% of all glomeruli. Three types of TG could be distinguished according to the distance between glomerular hili and the degree of Bowman's capsules coalescence. A complicated spatial relationship between the glomerular vessels and surrounding tubules was demonstrated by plastic reconstructions. TG are believed to be of a variety of renal architecture probably occurring in every human kidney. On the other hand, the glomeruli with two, mostly incomplete capillary tufts, which are occasionally found in the kidneys of newborns and children with multiple malformation syndromes and kidney dysplasias, are supposed to give evidence of a disturbed development of the kidneys.
自本世纪初以来，术语“双肾小球（TG）”指的是由单一入球小动脉供血的一对肾小球毛细血管丛。在200例未经选择的连续尸检病例的一系列肾脏切片中进行了双肾小球筛查，结果有21例（10.5%）呈阳性。对21例双肾小球阳性和10例双肾小球阴性的肾脏进行连续切片检查，结果显示第一组中双肾小球的发生率为0.48%（15035个肾小球中有71个），第二组为0.38%（8241个肾小球中有32个双肾小球）。在个别病例中，双肾小球的发生率在所有肾小球的0至1.73%之间。根据肾小球血管蒂之间的距离和鲍曼囊融合程度，可区分出三种类型的双肾小球。通过塑料重建显示了肾小球血管与周围肾小管之间复杂的空间关系。双肾小球被认为是一种多样的肾脏结构，可能存在于每个人的肾脏中。另一方面，在患有多种畸形综合征和肾发育不良的新生儿和儿童的肾脏中偶尔发现的具有两个、大多不完整的毛细血管丛的肾小球，被认为是肾脏发育紊乱的证据。
