Veselá S, Kingma B R M, Frijns A J H
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
Department of Human Biology and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism of Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Indoor Air. 2017 Mar;27(2):261-272. doi: 10.1111/ina.12324. Epub 2016 Oct 6.
Local thermal sensation modeling gained importance due to developments in personalized and locally applied heating and cooling systems in office environments. The accuracy of these models depends on skin temperature prediction by thermophysiological models, which in turn rely on accurate environmental and personal input data. Environmental parameters are measured or prescribed, but personal factors such as clothing properties and metabolic rates have to be estimated. Data for estimating the overall values of clothing properties and metabolic rates are available in several papers and standards. However, local values are more difficult to retrieve. For local clothing, this study revealed that full and consistent data sets are not available in the published literature for typical office clothing sets. Furthermore, the values for local heat production were not verified for characteristic office activities, but were adapted empirically. Further analyses showed that variations in input parameters can lead to local skin temperature differences (∆T = 0.4-4.4°C). These differences can affect the local sensation output, where ∆T = 1°C is approximately one step on a 9-point thermal sensation scale. In conclusion, future research should include a systematic study of local clothing properties and the development of feasible methods for measuring and validating local heat production.
由于办公环境中个性化和局部应用的加热与冷却系统的发展，局部热感觉建模变得愈发重要。这些模型的准确性取决于热生理模型对皮肤温度的预测，而热生理模型又依赖于准确的环境和个人输入数据。环境参数可以测量或设定，但诸如衣物属性和代谢率等个人因素则必须进行估算。估算衣物属性和代谢率总体值的数据在多篇论文和标准中都有提供。然而，局部值更难获取。对于局部衣物，本研究表明，已发表的文献中没有针对典型办公服装套装的完整且一致的数据集。此外，局部产热的值并未针对典型办公活动进行验证，而是凭经验进行调整。进一步分析表明，输入参数的变化会导致局部皮肤温度差异（∆T = 0.4 - 4.4°C）。这些差异会影响局部感觉输出，其中∆T = 1°C大约相当于9点热感觉量表上的一个等级。总之，未来的研究应包括对局部衣物属性的系统研究，以及开发测量和验证局部产热的可行方法。
