Osuoji Roland I, Adebanji Atinuke, Abdulsalam Moruf A, Oludara Mobolaji A, Abolarinwa Abimbola A
Niger J Med. 2015 Jul-Sep;24(3):207-12.
This study examined medical specialty selection by Nigerian resident doctors using a marketing research approach to determine the selection criteria and the role of perceptions, expected remuneration, and job placement prospects of various specialties in the selection process.
Data were from the Community of residents from April 2014 to July 2014. The cohort included 200 residents, but only 171 had complete information. Data were obtained from a cross section of resident doctors in the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital and at the 2014 Ordinary General Meeting of the National Association of Resident Doctors(NARD) where representatives from over 50 Teaching hospitals in Nigeria attended. Using a client behaviour model as a framework, a tripartite questionnaire was designed and administered to residents to deduce information on their knowledge about and interests in various specialties, their opinions of sixteen specialties, and the criteria they used in specialty selection.
A total of 171 (85.5%) questionnaires were returned. ln many instances, consistency between selection criteria and perceptions of a specialty were accompanied by interest in pursuing the specialty. Job security, job availability on completion of programme, duration of training and qualifying examinations were highly correlated with p value < 0.05. Results of the Principal Component Analysis show two components (with Eigen values greater than one) explaining 65.3% of the total variance. The first component had placement and training and practice related variables loaded on it while the second component was loaded with job security and financial remuneration related variables.
Using marketing research concepts for medical specialty selection (Weissmanet al 2012) stipulates that choice of speciality is influenced by criteria and perception. This study shows that job security expected financial remuneration, and examination requirements for qualification are major determinants of the choice of speciality for residents.
本研究采用市场研究方法，对尼日利亚住院医生的医学专业选择进行调查，以确定选择标准以及各专业的认知、预期薪酬和就业前景在选择过程中的作用。
数据来自2014年4月至2014年7月的住院医生群体。该队列包括200名住院医生，但只有171人有完整信息。数据来自拉各斯州立大学教学医院的住院医生横断面调查，以及2014年全国住院医生协会（NARD）普通大会，尼日利亚50多家教学医院的代表参加了此次会议。以客户行为模型为框架，设计了一份三方问卷并发放给住院医生，以推断他们对各专业的了解和兴趣、对16个专业的看法以及他们在专业选择中使用的标准。
共收回171份（85.5%）问卷。在许多情况下，选择标准与对某一专业的认知之间的一致性伴随着对该专业的追求兴趣。工作保障、完成培训后的就业机会、培训时长和资格考试与p值<0.05高度相关。主成分分析结果显示有两个成分（特征值大于1）解释了总方差的65.3%。第一个成分包含就业、培训和实践相关变量，而第二个成分包含工作保障和经济薪酬相关变量。
运用市场研究概念进行医学专业选择（Weissman等人，2012年）规定，专业选择受标准和认知的影响。本研究表明，工作保障、预期经济薪酬和资格考试要求是住院医生专业选择的主要决定因素。
