Wang Fenglei, Liu Huijuan, Wan Yi, Li Jing, Chen Yu, Zheng Jusheng, Huang Tao, Li Duo
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China;
Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Jiaxing, China;
J Nutr. 2016 Sep;146(9):1707-13. doi: 10.3945/jn.116.232967. Epub 2016 Aug 3.
The association between exclusive breastfeeding duration and infant anemia is not clear.
This study aimed to assess the association of exclusive breastfeeding duration with risk of anemia in infants at 12 mo of age and in children aged 48-71 mo in mainland China.
Detailed breastfeeding information and anthropometric data were obtained for 65,256 children enrolled in the Jiaxing Birth Cohort at 1, 3, and 6 mo of age. Hemoglobin was measured in 25,549 children at 12 mo and in 32,770 children between the ages of 48 and 71 mo. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin concentrations <110 g/L in children aged <60 mo and <115 g/L in children aged ≥60 mo. The associations between exclusive breastfeeding duration and risk of anemia were assessed as adjusted ORs by using multiple logistic regression.
Overall anemia prevalences at 12 and 48-71 mo were 24.9% and 9.9%, respectively. Exclusive breastfeeding for ≥6 mo, but not for 3-5 mo, was significantly associated with a higher risk of anemia in infants at age 12 mo (OR: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.29; P = 0.02) compared with exclusive breastfeeding for <3 mo. For young children aged 48-71 mo, this finding was only marginally significant (OR: 1.13; 95% CI: 0.99, 1.29; P = 0.08). Prolonged duration of exclusive breastfeeding was also significantly associated with decreased hemoglobin concentrations of -0.56 g/L (95% CI: -1.10, -0.03; P = 0.04) in infants and -0.99 g/L (95% CI: -1.44, -0.55; P < 0.001) in young children.
Exclusive breastfeeding for ≥6 mo was associated with an increased risk of anemia in infants aged 12 mo and with lower hemoglobin concentrations in both infants aged 12 mo and young children aged 48-71 mo. Parents should provide infants with an adequate source of iron after 6 mo of exclusive breastfeeding.
纯母乳喂养持续时间与婴儿贫血之间的关联尚不清楚。
本研究旨在评估中国大陆12月龄婴儿及48 - 71月龄儿童中纯母乳喂养持续时间与贫血风险之间的关联。
获取了嘉兴出生队列中65256名1、3和6月龄儿童详细的母乳喂养信息和人体测量数据。对25549名12月龄儿童及32770名48至71月龄儿童进行了血红蛋白测量。贫血定义为：年龄小于60月龄儿童血红蛋白浓度<110 g/L，年龄≥60月龄儿童血红蛋白浓度<115 g/L。采用多因素logistic回归分析评估纯母乳喂养持续时间与贫血风险之间的关联，并计算调整后的比值比（OR）。
12月龄和48 - 71月龄时的总体贫血患病率分别为24.9%和9.9%。与纯母乳喂养<3个月相比，纯母乳喂养≥6个月（而非3 - 5个月）与12月龄婴儿贫血风险显著升高相关（OR：1.15；95%CI：1.02，1.29；P = 0.02）。对于48 - 71月龄的幼儿，这一发现仅具有边缘显著性（OR：1.13；95%CI：0.99，1.29；P = 0.08）。纯母乳喂养时间延长还与婴儿血红蛋白浓度显著降低-0.56 g/L（95%CI：-1.10，-0.03；P = 0.04）以及幼儿血红蛋白浓度显著降低-0.99 g/L（95%CI：-1.44，-0.55；P < 0.001）相关。
纯母乳喂养≥6个月与12月龄婴儿贫血风险增加以及12月龄婴儿和48 - 71月龄幼儿血红蛋白浓度降低有关。父母应在纯母乳喂养6个月后为婴儿提供充足的铁来源。
