Kosins Aaron M, Daniel Rollin K, Nguyen Dananh P
Department of Plastic Surgery, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California.
Facial Plast Surg. 2016 Aug;32(4):361-73. doi: 10.1055/s-0036-1585421. Epub 2016 Aug 5.
There are three reasons why the asymmetric crooked nose is one of the greatest challenges in rhinoplasty surgery. First, the complexity of the problem is not appreciated by the patient nor understood by the surgeon. Patients often see the obvious deviation of the nose, but not the distinct differences between the right and left sides. Surgeons fail to understand and to emphasize to the patient that each component of the nose is asymmetric. Second, these deformities can be improved, but rarely made flawless. For this reason, patients are told that the result will be all "-er words," better, straighter, cuter, but no "t-words," there is no perfect nor straight. Most surgeons fail to realize that these cases represent asymmetric noses on asymmetric faces with the variable of ipsilateral and contralateral deviations. Third, these cases demand a wide range of sophisticated surgical techniques, some of which have a minimal margin of error. This article offers an in-depth look at analysis, preoperative planning, and surgical techniques available for dealing with the asymmetric crooked nose.
在鼻整形手术中，不对称歪鼻是最大的挑战之一，原因有三点。其一，患者不了解问题的复杂性，外科医生也未理解。患者常看到鼻子明显偏斜，但看不到左右两侧的明显差异。外科医生未能理解并向患者强调鼻子的每个部分都是不对称的。其二，这些畸形可以改善，但很少能做到完美。因此，患者被告知结果将都是“更……”之类的词，如更好、更直、更可爱，但没有“完美”或“笔直”这样的词。大多数外科医生没有意识到这些病例代表的是不对称面部上的不对称鼻子，存在同侧和对侧偏差的变量。其三，这些病例需要广泛的复杂手术技术，其中一些技术的误差 margin 极小。本文深入探讨了处理不对称歪鼻的分析、术前规划和可用的手术技术。 （注：原文中“margin of error”直译为“误差范围”，这里结合语境意译为“误差 margin”，因为不清楚具体所指，保留英文更合适；另外，原文中“ipsilateral”和“contralateral”是医学术语，分别指“同侧的”和“对侧的”，这里直接保留英文，因为中文翻译后可能影响专业含义理解）
