School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Urban Design - FEC Sanitation and Environment Dept. - DSA, State University of Campinas - Unicamp, P. O. Box 6143, 13083-889 Campinas (SP) Brazil; Agronomy Department, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, Pernambuco 52171-920, Brazil.
Deputy Vice-Chancellor's Office (Research and Innovation), University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, 4350, QLD, Australia; Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, 4350, QLD, Australia; KTH-International Groundwater Arsenic Research Group, Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 76, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
Sci Total Environ. 2016 Dec 1;572:86-97. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.185. Epub 2016 Aug 3.
Knowledge of the behavior of plant species associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and the ability of such plants to grow on metal-contaminated soils is important to phytoremediation. Here, we evaluate the occurrence and diversity of AMF and plant species as well as their interactions in soil contaminated with lead (Pb) from the recycling of automotive batteries. The experimental area was divided into three locations: a non-contaminated native area, a coarse rejects deposition area, and an area receiving particulate material from the chimneys during the Pb melting process. Thirty-nine AMF species from six families and 10 genera were identified. The Acaulospora and Glomus genera exhibited the highest occurrences both in the bulk (10 and 6) and in the rhizosphere soils (9 and 6). All of the herbaceous species presented mycorrhizal colonization. The highest Pb concentrations (mgkg) in roots and shoots, respectively, were observed in Vetiveria zizanoides (15,433 and 934), Pteris vitata (9343 and 865), Pteridim aquilinun (1433 and 733), and Ricinus communis (1106 and 625). The diversity of AMF seems to be related to the area heterogeneity; the structure communities of AMF are correlated with the soil Pb concentration. We found that plant diversity was significantly correlated with AMF diversity (r=0.645; P>0.05) in areas with high Pb soil concentrations. A better understanding of AMF communities in the presence of Pb stress may shed light on the interactions between fungi and metals taking place in contaminated sites. Such knowledge can aid in developing soil phytoremediation techniques such as phytostabilization.
关于丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）相关植物物种的行为以及此类植物在受金属污染土壤上生长的能力，这对于植物修复很重要。在这里，我们评估了在汽车电池回收过程中含铅（Pb）污染土壤中 AMF 和植物物种的发生和多样性及其相互作用。实验区分为三个区域：未受污染的原生区域、粗废料沉积区和在 Pb 熔化过程中接收来自烟囱的颗粒物质的区域。从六个科和十个属中鉴定出 39 种 AMF 物种。在整个土壤（10 和 6）和根际土壤（9 和 6）中，Acaulospora 和 Glomus 属的出现率最高。所有草本植物均表现出菌根定殖。在根和地上部分中观察到的最高 Pb 浓度（mgkg）分别为香根草（15433 和 934）、蜈蚣蕨（9343 和 865）、凤尾蕨（1433 和 733）和蓖麻（1106 和 625）。AMF 的多样性似乎与区域异质性有关；AMF 群落的结构与土壤 Pb 浓度相关。我们发现，在 Pb 土壤浓度高的地区，植物多样性与 AMF 多样性呈显著正相关（r=0.645；P>0.05）。更好地了解 AMF 群落在 Pb 胁迫下的情况可能有助于揭示真菌与金属在污染场所发生的相互作用。这些知识可以帮助开发植物修复技术，如植物稳定化。
