Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , D-14476 Potsdam, Germany.
Soft Matter and Functional Materials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie , Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany.
ACS Nano. 2016 Aug 23;10(8):7731-7. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.6b03135. Epub 2016 Aug 10.
Precise control of the interior and outer shapes of polymer nanoparticles has found broad interest in nanosciences, for example, in fundamental studies of their physical properties, colloidal behavior, and corresponding applications. Realizing such control below the 50 nm scale (i.e., a size scale close to individual polymer chains) requires accurate manipulation of polymerization techniques and a judicious choice of the chemical structure in monomers and/or polymers. Here, we constructed a series of well-defined sub-50 nm homopolymer nanoparticles with controllable shape and highly ordered, complex internal structures with sub-5 nm domain spacings, starting from 1-vinyl-1,2,4-triazolium-type ionic liquids in a one-pot dispersion polymerization. With cryogenic electron microscopy and tomography, a morphological evolution of particle shape and interior at this extremely small size end, unusual for polymer colloids, was identified and investigated in detail.
聚合物纳米粒子的内外形状的精确控制在纳米科学中引起了广泛的关注，例如，在研究其物理性质、胶体行为和相应应用方面。在 50nm 以下的尺度（即接近单个聚合物链的尺寸）实现这种控制需要对聚合技术进行精确的操作，并明智地选择单体和/或聚合物中的化学结构。在这里，我们从 1-乙烯基-1,2,4-三唑鎓型离子液体开始，在一锅分散聚合中构建了一系列具有可控形状和高度有序、复杂内部结构的亚 50nm 均聚物纳米粒子，其内部结构具有亚 5nm 的畴间距。通过低温电子显微镜和断层扫描，在这个非常小的尺寸端（对于聚合物胶体来说是不寻常的），详细地识别和研究了粒子形状和内部的形态演变。
