Brewer Joseph W, Solodushko Viktoriya, Aragon Ileana, Barrington Robert A
Department of Molecular & Cellular Sciences, Liberty University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lynchburg, VA 24502, United States.
Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of South Alabama Mobile, AL 36688, United States.
Cell Immunol. 2016 Dec;310:78-88. doi: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2016.08.002. Epub 2016 Aug 3.
In activated B cells, increased production of phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho), the most abundant cellular phospholipid, is handled primarily by the CDP-choline pathway. B cell-specific deletion of CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase α (CCTα), the rate-limiting enzyme in the CDP-choline pathway, led to augmented IgM secretion and reduced IgG production, suggesting that PtdCho synthesis is required for germinal center reactions. To specifically assess whether PtdCho influences B cell fate during germinal center responses, we examined immune responses in mice whereby PtdCho synthesis is disrupted in B cells that have undergone class switch recombination to IgG1 (referred to as either Cγ1, Cγ1 or Cγ1 based on Cre copy number). Serum IgG1 was markedly reduced in naïve Cγ1 and Cγ1 mice, while levels of IgM and other IgG subclasses were similar between Cγ1 and Cγ1 control mice. Serum IgG2b titers were notably reduced and IgG3 titers were increased in Cγ1 mice compared with controls. Following immunization with T cell-dependent antigen NP-KLH, control mice generated high titer IgG anti-NP while IgG anti-NP titers were markedly reduced in both immunized Cγ1 and Cγ1 mice. Correspondingly, the frequency of NP-specific IgG antibody-secreting cells was also reduced in spleens and bone marrow of Cγ1 and Cγ. 1 mice compared to control mice. Interestingly, though antigen-specific IgM B cells were comparable between Cγ1, Cγ1 and control mice, the frequency and number of IgG1 NP-specific B cells was reduced only in Cγ1 mice. These data indicate that PtdCho is required for the generation of both germinal center-derived B cells and antibody-secreting cells. Further, the reduction in class-switched ASC but not B cells in Cγ1 mice suggests that ASC have a greater demand for PtdCho compared to germinal center B cells.
在活化的B细胞中,磷脂酰胆碱(PtdCho,细胞中最丰富的磷脂)产量的增加主要通过CDP - 胆碱途径来实现。CDP - 胆碱途径中的限速酶——CTP:磷酸胆碱胞苷转移酶α(CCTα)在B细胞中的特异性缺失,导致IgM分泌增加和IgG产生减少,这表明生发中心反应需要PtdCho的合成。为了具体评估PtdCho在生发中心反应过程中是否影响B细胞命运,我们检测了小鼠的免疫反应,在这些小鼠中,已发生向IgG1类别转换重排的B细胞(根据Cre拷贝数称为Cγ1、Cγ1或Cγ1)中的PtdCho合成被破坏。在未免疫的Cγ1和Cγ1小鼠中,血清IgG1显著降低,而Cγ1和Cγ1对照小鼠之间的IgM和其他IgG亚类水平相似。与对照相比,Cγ1小鼠的血清IgG2b滴度显著降低,IgG3滴度升高。用T细胞依赖性抗原NP - KLH免疫后,对照小鼠产生高滴度的抗NP IgG,而在免疫的Cγ1和Cγ1小鼠中,抗NP IgG滴度均显著降低。相应地,与对照小鼠相比,Cγ1和Cγ1小鼠脾脏和骨髓中NP特异性IgG抗体分泌细胞的频率也降低。有趣的是,尽管Cγ1、Cγ1和对照小鼠之间抗原特异性IgM B细胞相当,但仅在Cγ1小鼠中,IgG1 NP特异性B细胞的频率和数量降低。这些数据表明,生发中心来源的B细胞和抗体分泌细胞的产生都需要PtdCho。此外,Cγ1小鼠中类别转换的抗体分泌细胞(ASC)而非B细胞减少,这表明与生发中心B细胞相比,ASC对PtdCho的需求更大。