Schneider Sandra, Salm Florian, Schröder Christin, Ludwig Norman, Hanke Regina, Gastmeier Petra
Institut für Hygiene und Umweltmedizin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 27, 12203, Berlin, Deutschland.
Nationales Referenzzentrum (NRZ) für Surveillance nosokomialer Infektionen, Berlin, Deutschland.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2016 Sep;59(9):1162-70. doi: 10.1007/s00103-016-2417-5.
The network project RAI (Rational Use of Antibiotics via Information and Communication) is aimed at developing tailored information and communication tools on the subject of antibiotic (AB) resistance for various stakeholder groups. During the preparation phase, a survey was performed addressing the German general population.
To gain insights into the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of nonprescribers concerning AB and multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO).
Using computer-assisted, telephone-based interviews a random sample of 1,004 persons aged 14 years and older was surveyed. Descriptive reporting of data and multivariate analysis were performed, including sociodemographic variables.
Only 24 % of participants knew that bacteria (but not viruses or humans) could develop AB resistance. However, this knowledge did not influence the outcome of other questions. Regardless of knowledge, 71 % thought that the subject was important, but 58 % did not believe in the influence of their own behavior on MDRO development. When visiting a physician, patients were given an antibiotic three times as often as information on AB resistance. 17 % did not take the AB as prescribed and 20 % of all participants stated that they personally knew at least one person with MDRO problems. This personal involvement had a significant effect on the rating of self-influence, on the importance of the subject, on the interaction between patient and physician (more information, less AB), and on AB intake compliance (less frequent).
We found considerable knowledge gaps, but this had no impact on the assessment of the subject. A starting point for an intervention could be patient-physician communication. This seems more effective and safer than a public campaign.
网络项目RAI（通过信息与沟通合理使用抗生素）旨在为不同利益相关者群体开发关于抗生素（AB）耐药性主题的定制信息与沟通工具。在筹备阶段，针对德国普通民众开展了一项调查。
深入了解非开处方者对抗生素和多重耐药菌（MDRO）的知识、态度及行为。
采用计算机辅助电话访谈，对1004名14岁及以上的随机样本人员进行了调查。进行了数据的描述性报告和多变量分析，包括社会人口统计学变量。
只有24%的参与者知道细菌（而非病毒或人类）会产生抗生素耐药性。然而，这一知识并未影响其他问题的结果。无论知识水平如何，71%的人认为该主题很重要，但58%的人不相信自己的行为会对多重耐药菌的产生有影响。看医生时，患者接受抗生素治疗的频率是获得抗生素耐药性信息频率的三倍。17%的人未按医嘱服用抗生素，20%的参与者表示他们个人至少认识一位有多重耐药菌问题的人。这种个人经历对自我影响力的评价、该主题的重要性、患者与医生之间的互动（更多信息、更少抗生素）以及抗生素服用依从性（更低频率）有显著影响。
我们发现存在相当大的知识差距，但这对该主题的评估没有影响。干预的一个切入点可能是患者与医生的沟通。这似乎比公众宣传活动更有效、更安全。
