Versnaeyen H, Saey V, Vermeiren D, Chiers K, Ducatelle R
Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ghent, Belgium.
Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ghent, Belgium.
J Comp Pathol. 2016 Aug-Oct;155(2-3):213-217. doi: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2016.07.007. Epub 2016 Aug 14.
A 7-year-old warmblood mare showed sudden onset of mild intermittent haemoptysis. Clinical examination revealed no significant abnormalities. Haematological examination showed mild anaemia, hypoalbuminaemia and neutrophilia. Coagulation tests were normal. Endoscopic examination revealed unilateral pulmonary haemorrhage with blood clots in the bronchi and trachea. Treatment with antibiotics was started and the horse was given stable rest. Two weeks later, the horse was found dead with blood and frothy sputum leaking from the nostrils. Post-mortem examination revealed a large thoracic aortic aneurysm communicating with a pseudoaneurysm that had formed a fistula into a right bronchial branch. Microscopical examination of the aneurysm showed extensive medial fibrosis with prominent degeneration, fragmentation and mineralization of the elastic fibres and deposition of mucoid material in the tunica media. The pseudoaneurysm was lined by collagen bundles admixed with fibroblasts and a small amount of adipose tissue. Aortobronchial fistula is a rare condition in man that is usually associated with primary aortic pathology, most often aneurysms. To the authors' knowledge this is the first case of a fatal aortobronchial fistula in a horse or any other animal species.
一匹7岁的温血母马突然出现轻度间歇性咯血。临床检查未发现明显异常。血液学检查显示轻度贫血、低白蛋白血症和中性粒细胞增多。凝血试验正常。内镜检查发现单侧肺出血，支气管和气管内有血凝块。开始使用抗生素治疗，并让马匹安静休息。两周后，这匹马被发现死亡，鼻孔有血液和泡沫状痰液流出。尸检发现一个巨大的胸主动脉瘤与一个假性动脉瘤相通，该假性动脉瘤形成了一个通向右支气管分支的瘘管。动脉瘤的显微镜检查显示广泛的中膜纤维化，弹性纤维明显变性、断裂和矿化，中膜有黏液样物质沉积。假性动脉瘤内衬胶原束，混有成纤维细胞和少量脂肪组织。主动脉支气管瘘在人类中是一种罕见的疾病，通常与原发性主动脉病变有关，最常见的是动脉瘤。据作者所知，这是首例马或任何其他动物物种发生的致命性主动脉支气管瘘病例。
