Türkmen A P, Kaplan S, Aksoy A, Altunkaynak Bz, Yurt Kk, Elibol E, Çokluk C, Onger Me
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Berrin Zuhal Altunkaynak, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, 55100 Samsun, Turkey, phone: +90 5067723379, e-mail:
Folia Neuropathol. 2016;54(2):167-79. doi: 10.5114/fn.2016.60808.
This study was aimed at evaluating the potential effects of acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) and diclofenac sodium (DS) therapy following ASDH on the rat hippocampus. Twenty-four male Sprague Dawley rats were used and divided into four groups. 0.1 ml of non-heparinized autologous blood from the tail vein of the animals in the non-treatment group (NTG) and treatment group (TG) was injected into the subdural space. The TG received intramuscular diclofenac sodium at a 15 mg/kg dose daily from the postoperative second hour to the seventh day after the operation. The control group (CG) and sham group (SG) were used for control and sham operations, respectively. On the postoperative eighth day, all animals were sacrificed, and the hippocampi of all animals were stereologically and histologically evaluated. Also blood samples of the animals were biochemically analyzed. As a result of the study, the mean number of neurons in CA1, CA2, and CA3 regions of the hippocampus and the total number of neurons were decreased in the hippocampus samples of the NTG and especially the TG subjects. When comparing the second blood samples, there was no difference between the levels of adrenaline and serotonin among the groups. However, after the operation, noradrenalin levels in the treatment group were found to be higher than those of the sham and control groups (p < 0.05). In the NTG and TG, histopathological findings were observed such as Nissl condensation as well as completely dead and indistinguishable neurons with abnormally shaped, shrunken cytoplasm and nuclei. Also necrotic areas on the specimens of the TG were seen. In immunohistochemical sections, c-FOS positivity was decreased in the NTG and especially the TG. Otherwise, PGC-1 positive cells were increased in the NTG and especially the TG. In this study, it was shown for the first time by means of stereological techniques that using DS after ASDH caused a decrease in the number of hippocampal neurons (CA1, CA2, and CA3 regions).
本研究旨在评估急性硬膜下血肿（ASDH）以及ASDH后双氯芬酸钠（DS）治疗对大鼠海马体的潜在影响。选用24只雄性Sprague Dawley大鼠，分为四组。非治疗组（NTG）和治疗组（TG）的动物经尾静脉注射0.1 ml非肝素化自体血至硬膜下间隙。TG从术后第二小时至术后第七天每天接受15 mg/kg剂量的双氯芬酸钠肌肉注射。对照组（CG）和假手术组（SG）分别用于对照手术和假手术。术后第八天，处死所有动物，对所有动物的海马体进行体视学和组织学评估。同时对动物的血样进行生化分析。研究结果显示，NTG尤其是TG受试者的海马体样本中，海马体CA1、CA2和CA3区域的神经元平均数量以及神经元总数均减少。比较第二次血样时，各组间肾上腺素和血清素水平无差异。然而，术后发现治疗组的去甲肾上腺素水平高于假手术组和对照组（p < 0.05）。在NTG和TG中，观察到组织病理学结果，如尼氏体凝聚以及完全死亡且无法区分的神经元，其细胞质和细胞核形状异常、萎缩。TG标本上也可见坏死区域。在免疫组织化学切片中，NTG尤其是TG中的c-FOS阳性率降低。此外，NTG尤其是TG中的PGC-1α阳性细胞增加。在本研究中，首次通过体视学技术表明，ASDH后使用DS会导致海马体神经元（CA1、CA2和CA3区域）数量减少。
