Zamuner Tania S, Moore Charlotte, Desmeules-Trudel Félix
Department of Linguistics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada.
Department of Linguistics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada.
J Exp Child Psychol. 2016 Dec;152:136-148. doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2016.07.012. Epub 2016 Aug 18.
To understand speech, listeners need to be able to decode the speech stream into meaningful units. However, coarticulation causes phonemes to differ based on their context. Because coarticulation is an ever-present component of the speech stream, it follows that listeners may exploit this source of information for cues to the identity of the words being spoken. This research investigates the development of listeners' sensitivity to coarticulation cues below the level of the phoneme in spoken word recognition. Using a looking-while-listening paradigm, adults and 2- and 3-year-old children were tested on coarticulation cues that either matched or mismatched the target. Both adults and children predicted upcoming phonemes based on anticipatory coarticulation to make decisions about word identity. The overall results demonstrate that coarticulation cues are a fundamental component of children's spoken word recognition system. However, children did not show the same resolution as adults of the mismatching coarticulation cues and competitor inhibition, indicating that children's processing systems are still developing.
为了理解言语，听众需要能够将言语流解码为有意义的单元。然而，协同发音会导致音素根据其上下文而有所不同。由于协同发音是言语流中始终存在的组成部分，因此可以推断，听众可能会利用这一信息来源来获取有关所讲单词身份的线索。本研究调查了听众在单词识别中对低于音素水平的协同发音线索的敏感度发展情况。使用边听边看的范式，对成人以及2岁和3岁的儿童进行了测试，测试内容是与目标匹配或不匹配的协同发音线索。成人和儿童都基于预期协同发音来预测即将出现的音素，以便对单词身份做出决策。总体结果表明，协同发音线索是儿童单词识别系统的一个基本组成部分。然而，儿童在不匹配的协同发音线索和竞争抑制方面没有表现出与成人相同的分辨能力，这表明儿童的处理系统仍在发展。
