调节食物消费：行动信息可能有帮助也可能有伤害。

Regulating food consumption: Action messages can help or hurt.

机构信息

University of Michigan, Department of Psychology, 530Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States.

出版信息

Appetite. 2016 Dec 1;107:280-284. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2016.08.100. Epub 2016 Aug 18.

DOI:10.1016/j.appet.2016.08.100

PMID:27545673

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

Previous research suggests that messages promoting active behavior change may inadvertently increase food consumption by promoting a general goal to act. We suggest that this is only the case for active-approach behaviors and that messages promoting active-avoidance behaviors may be used to effectively decrease food consumption.

METHODS

Participants were presented with healthy eating messages pretested to vary on the dimensions of direction (approach vs. avoid) and amount (action vs. inaction) of behavior. After viewing the messages, participants selected and consumed a healthy or unhealthy snack during a taste test.

RESULTS

There were no differences in snack selection (healthy vs. unhealthy) across message conditions. For messages promoting more active behavior, however, there was a significant difference in snack consumption such that participants viewing active-approach messages consumed significantly more food than participants viewing active-avoidance messages. This happened regardless of whether participants selected a healthy or unhealthy snack. For messages promoting less active behavior there was no difference in consumption between approach and avoidance based messages.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings suggest that when viewing health messages that promote active behavior change, individuals are sensitive to the direction of action advocated by the message (approach vs. avoidance) and modulate consumption accordingly.

摘要

目的

先前的研究表明，提倡积极行为改变的信息可能会通过促进普遍的行动目标而无意中增加食物的摄入量。我们认为，这种情况只适用于积极的行为方式，而提倡积极回避行为的信息可能被用来有效地减少食物的摄入量。

方法

参与者被展示了经过预测试的健康饮食信息，这些信息在行为的方向（接近或回避）和数量（行动或不行动）上有所不同。在观看完信息后，参与者在味觉测试中选择并食用了健康或不健康的零食。

结果

在信息条件下，零食的选择（健康与不健康）没有差异。然而，对于促进更积极行为的信息，零食的消耗量有显著差异，即观看积极接近信息的参与者比观看积极回避信息的参与者消耗了更多的食物。无论参与者选择了健康的还是不健康的零食，都会出现这种情况。对于促进较少积极行为的信息，在接近和回避的信息之间，消耗没有差异。