Cho Junhan, Kogan Steven M, Brody Gene H
Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Georgia.
J Fam Psychol. 2016 Oct;30(7):780-790. doi: 10.1037/fam0000228. Epub 2016 Aug 22.
The present study addressed the ways in which parent and child dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) genotypes jointly moderate the transactional relations between parenting practices and child self-regulation. African American children (N = 309) and their parents provided longitudinal data spanning child ages 11 to 15 years and a saliva sample from which variation at DRD4 was genotyped. Based on the differential susceptibility perspective, this study examined moderation effects of DRD4 status on (a) the extent to which parenting practices affect child self-regulation and (b) the extent to which child self-regulation, as an environmental influence on the parent, affects parenting behavior. Results indicated that responsive-supportive parenting interacted with children's DRD4 status to influence increases in child self-regulation. Also, child self-regulation interacted with parent's DRD4 status to predict changes in parenting practices. Both Gene × Environment effects conformed to a differential susceptibility model in which parents' and children's DRD4 genes operated to increase environmental sensitivity "for better and for worse." (PsycINFO Database Record
本研究探讨了父母和孩子的多巴胺D4受体（DRD4）基因型共同调节养育方式与儿童自我调节之间交互关系的方式。非裔美国儿童（N = 309）及其父母提供了涵盖儿童11至15岁的纵向数据，以及一份唾液样本，从中对DRD4的变异进行基因分型。基于差异易感性观点，本研究考察了DRD4状态对以下两方面的调节作用：（a）养育方式影响儿童自我调节的程度；（b）作为对父母的环境影响，儿童自我调节影响养育行为的程度。结果表明，反应性支持性养育与儿童的DRD4状态相互作用，影响儿童自我调节能力的提升。此外，儿童自我调节与父母的DRD4状态相互作用，以预测养育方式的变化。这两种基因×环境效应均符合差异易感性模型，即父母和孩子的DRD4基因在“好坏”两方面都起到增加环境敏感性的作用。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》 ）
