Sosnovtceva A O, Grinenko N F, Lipatova A V, Chumakov P M, Chekhonin V P
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
Serbsky Federal Medical Research Center for Narcology and Psychiatry, Moscow, Russia.
Biomed Khim. 2016 May;62(4):376-90. doi: 10.18097/PBMC20166204376.
Effective treatment of malignant brain tumors is still an open problem. Location of tumor in vital areas of the brain significantly limits capasities of surgical treatment. The presence of tumor stem cells resistant to radiation and anticancer drugs in brain tumor complicates use of chemoradiotherapy and causes a high rate of disease recurrence. A technological improvement in bioselection and production of recombinant resulted in creation of viruses with potent oncolytic properties against glial tumors. Recent studies, including clinical trials, showed, that majority of oncolytic viruses are safe. Despite the impressive results of the viral therapy in some patients, the treatment of other patients is not effective; therefore, further improvement of the methods of oncolytic virotherapy is necessary. High genetic heterogeneity of glial tumor cells even within a single tumor determines differences in individual sensitivity of tumor cells to oncolytic viruses. This review analyses the most successful oncolytic virus strains, including those which had reached clinical trials, and discusses the prospects for new approaches to virotherapy of gliomas.
恶性脑肿瘤的有效治疗仍然是一个未解决的问题。肿瘤位于大脑的重要区域显著限制了手术治疗的能力。脑肿瘤中存在对辐射和抗癌药物耐药的肿瘤干细胞，这使放化疗的应用变得复杂，并导致疾病的高复发率。生物筛选和重组生产技术的改进导致了具有强大溶瘤特性的抗胶质肿瘤病毒的产生。包括临床试验在内的近期研究表明，大多数溶瘤病毒是安全的。尽管病毒疗法在一些患者中取得了令人印象深刻的结果，但对其他患者的治疗却无效；因此，有必要进一步改进溶瘤病毒疗法。即使在单个肿瘤内，胶质肿瘤细胞的高度遗传异质性也决定了肿瘤细胞对溶瘤病毒的个体敏感性差异。本综述分析了最成功的溶瘤病毒株，包括那些已进入临床试验的病毒株，并讨论了胶质瘤病毒疗法新方法的前景。
