Jimmieson Nerina L, Tucker Michelle K, Walsh Alexandra J
a School of Management , Queensland University of Technology , Brisbane , Australia.
b School of Psychology , The University of Queensland , Brisbane , Australia.
Anxiety Stress Coping. 2017 May;30(3):317-332. doi: 10.1080/10615806.2016.1229471. Epub 2016 Sep 16.
Simultaneous exposure to time, cognitive, and emotional demands is a feature of the work environment for healthcare workers, yet effects of these common stressors in combination are not well established.
Survey data were collected from 125 hospital employees (Sample 1, Study 1), 93 ambulance service employees (Sample 2, Study 1), and 380 aged care/disability workers (Study 2).
Hierarchical multiple regressions were conducted.
In Sample 1, high cognitive demand exacerbated high emotional demand on psychological strain and job burnout, whereas the negative effect of high emotional demand was not present at low cognitive demand. In Sample 2, a similar pattern between emotional demand and time demand on stress-remedial intentions was observed. In Study 2, emotional demand × time demand and time demand × cognitive demand interactions again revealed that high levels of two demands were stress-exacerbating and low levels of one demand neutralized the other. A three-way interaction on job satisfaction showed the negative impact of emotional demand was exacerbated when both time and cognitive demands were high, creating a "triple disadvantage" of job demands.
The results demonstrate that reducing some job demands helps attenuate the stressful effects of other job demands on different employee outcomes.
同时面临时间、认知和情感需求是医护人员工作环境的一个特点，然而这些常见压力源共同作用的影响尚未得到充分证实。
从125名医院员工（样本1，研究1）、93名救护服务员工（样本2，研究1）和380名老年护理/残疾护理工作者（研究2）中收集调查数据。
进行分层多元回归分析。
在样本1中，高认知需求加剧了高情感需求对心理压力和职业倦怠的影响，而在低认知需求时，高情感需求的负面影响并不存在。在样本2中，观察到情感需求和时间需求对压力缓解意图的类似模式。在研究2中，情感需求×时间需求以及时间需求×认知需求的交互作用再次表明，两种需求水平较高时会加剧压力，而一种需求水平较低时会抵消另一种需求的影响。工作满意度的三向交互作用表明，当时间和认知需求都较高时，情感需求的负面影响会加剧，从而形成工作需求的“三重劣势”。
结果表明，减少一些工作需求有助于减轻其他工作需求对不同员工结果的压力影响。
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