Nighot Prashant, Ma Thomas
Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine , Albuquerque, NM, USA.
Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
Tissue Barriers. 2016 Jun 9;4(3):e1171284. doi: 10.1080/21688370.2016.1171284. eCollection 2016 Jul-Sep.
Autophagy is a cell survival mechanism by which bulk cytoplasmic material, including soluble macromolecules and organelles, is targeted for lysosomal degradation. The role of autophagy in diverse cellular processes such as metabolic stress, neurodegeneration, cancer, aging, immunity, and inflammatory diseases is being increasingly recognized. Epithelial cell junctions play an integral role in the cell homeostasis via physical binding, regulating paracellular pathways, integrating extracellular cues into intracellular signaling, and cell-cell communication. Recent data indicates that cell junction composition is very dynamic. The junctional protein complexes are actively regulated in response to various intra- and extra-cellular clues by intracellular trafficking and degradation pathways. This review discusses the recent and emerging information on how autophagy regulates various epithelial cell junctions. The knowledge of autophagy regulation of epithelial junctions will provide further rationale for targeting autophagy in a wide variety of human disease conditions.
自噬是一种细胞存活机制，通过该机制，包括可溶性大分子和细胞器在内的大量细胞质物质被靶向进行溶酶体降解。自噬在多种细胞过程中的作用，如代谢应激、神经退行性变、癌症、衰老、免疫和炎症性疾病，正越来越受到认可。上皮细胞连接通过物理结合、调节细胞旁途径、将细胞外信号整合到细胞内信号传导以及细胞间通讯，在细胞内稳态中发挥不可或缺的作用。最近的数据表明，细胞连接组成非常动态。连接蛋白复合物通过细胞内运输和降解途径，响应各种细胞内和细胞外线索而受到积极调节。本综述讨论了关于自噬如何调节各种上皮细胞连接的最新和新出现的信息。上皮连接自噬调节的知识将为在多种人类疾病情况下靶向自噬提供进一步的理论依据。
