College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 110012, China.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 110012, China; Collaborative Innovation Center on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
J Environ Sci (China). 2016 Sep;47:71-81. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2016.01.025. Epub 2016 Apr 19.
Atmospheric aerosol particle samples were collected using an Ambient Eight Stage (Non-Viable) Cascade Impactor Sampler in a typical urban area of Beijing from 27th Sep. to 5th Oct., 2009. The surface chemistry of these aerosol particles was analyzed using Static Time of Flight-Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (Static TOF-SIMS). The factors influencing surface compositions were evaluated in conjunction with the air pollution levels, meteorological factors, and air mass transport for the sampling period. The results show that a variety of organic ion groups and inorganic ions/ion groups were accumulated on the surfaces of aerosol particles in urban areas of Beijing; and hydrophobic organic compounds with short- or middle-chain alkyl as well as hydrophilic secondary inorganic compounds were observed. All these compounds have the potential to affect the atmospheric behavior of urban aerosol particles. PM1.1-2.1 and PM3.3-4.7 had similar elements on their surfaces, but some molecules and ionic groups demonstrated differences in Time of Flight-Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry spectra. This suggests that the quantities of elements varied between PM1.1-2.1 and PM3.3-4.7. In particular, more intense research efforts into fluoride pollution are required, because the fluorides on aerosol surfaces have the potential to harm human health. The levels of air pollution had the most significant influence on the surface compositions of aerosol particles in our study. Hence, heavier air pollution was associated with more complex surface compositions on aerosol particles. In addition, wind, rainfall, and air masses from the south also greatly influenced the surface compositions of these urban aerosol particles.
于 2009 年 9 月 27 日至 10 月 5 日期间，在北京典型城区使用环境八级（非存活）级联冲击器采样器采集大气气溶胶粒子样品。利用静态飞行时间-二次离子质谱法（Static TOF-SIMS）分析这些气溶胶粒子的表面化学性质。结合采样期间的空气污染水平、气象因素和空气团传输，评估了影响表面成分的因素。结果表明，在北京市城区大气气溶胶粒子的表面上积累了多种有机离子基团和无机离子/离子基团；并观察到具有短链或中链烷基的疏水性有机化合物和亲水性二次无机化合物。所有这些化合物都有可能影响城市气溶胶粒子的大气行为。PM1.1-2.1 和 PM3.3-4.7 表面具有相似的元素，但在飞行时间-二次离子质谱谱图中一些分子和离子基团表现出差异。这表明 PM1.1-2.1 和 PM3.3-4.7 之间的元素数量存在差异。特别是，需要加强对氟化物污染的研究，因为气溶胶表面的氟化物有可能危害人类健康。在我们的研究中，空气污染水平对气溶胶粒子表面成分的影响最大。因此，空气污染越严重，气溶胶粒子表面的组成越复杂。此外，风和降雨以及来自南方的空气团也极大地影响了这些城市气溶胶粒子的表面组成。
