Hinestroza Gloria, Ortiz Mario Iván, Molina Jorge
Proyecto Maricultura Isla de Providencia, San Andrés y Providencia, Colombia.
Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología Parasitología Tropical, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia.
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2016 Jul-Aug;49(4):425-32. doi: 10.1590/0037-8682-0415-2015.
Behavioral fever is a response to infections with microorganisms observed in some poikilothermic animals. Rhodnius prolixus is involved in the transmission of two parasites: Trypanosoma cruzi (pathogenic for humans and transmitted in feces) and Trypanosoma rangeli (non-pathogenic for humans, pathogenic for Rhodnius and transmitted by the bite of an infected individual). Only T. rangeli is found in the hemolymph of Rhodnius as it travels to the salivary glands.
To study vector-parasite interactions, we evaluated possible behavioral fever responses of R. prolixus to intracoelomic inoculation with T. cruzi or T. rangeli. Temperature preferences of fifth-instar nymphs of R. prolixus were evaluated after inoculation with T. rangeli KP1(+), KP1(-), T. cruzi I, or the Trypanosome culture medium. Four different fixed temperatures (25, 30, 35, and 40°C) in two simultaneous experiments (enclosed and free-moving insects) were evaluated. Free-moving insects were marked daily according to their temperature preferences on each of the 15 days after inoculation. Numbers of insects in each temperature shelter and daily mortality were compared with those enclosed shelters of different temperatures.
Rhodnius prolixus inoculated with both strains of T. rangeli and with the trypanosome culture medium showed preferences for the lowest temperatures (25°C). However, R. prolixus inoculated with T. cruzi I showed significant preferences for temperatures around 35°C.
This is the first known investigation to demonstrate a behavioral fever response in R. prolixus injected intracoelomically with T. cruzi I.
行为性发热是一些变温动物对微生物感染的一种反应。红带锥蝽参与两种寄生虫的传播：克氏锥虫（对人类致病，通过粪便传播）和兰氏锥虫（对人类无致病性，对红带锥蝽致病，通过受感染个体的叮咬传播）。只有兰氏锥虫在红带锥蝽前往唾液腺的过程中存在于其血淋巴中。
为了研究媒介与寄生虫的相互作用，我们评估了红带锥蝽经体腔接种克氏锥虫或兰氏锥虫后可能出现的行为性发热反应。在用兰氏锥虫KP1(+)、KP1(-)、克氏锥虫I或锥虫培养基接种后，评估红带锥蝽五龄若虫的温度偏好。在两个同步实验（封闭昆虫和自由活动昆虫）中评估了四个不同的固定温度（25、30、35和40°C）。在接种后的15天里，每天根据自由活动昆虫的温度偏好对其进行标记。将每个温度庇护所中的昆虫数量和每日死亡率与不同温度的封闭庇护所中的进行比较。
接种两种兰氏锥虫菌株和锥虫培养基的红带锥蝽表现出对最低温度（25°C）的偏好。然而，接种克氏锥虫I的红带锥蝽对35°C左右的温度表现出显著偏好。
这是首次已知的关于经体腔注射克氏锥虫I的红带锥蝽出现行为性发热反应的研究。
