Rosa A P, Bonilla C E V, Londero A, Giacomini C B S, Orso C, Fernandes M O, Moura J S, Hermes R
Poultry Science Laboratory, Department of Animal Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-000 Brazil.
DSM Nutritional Products, São Paulo, Brazil.
Poult Sci. 2017 Mar 1;96(3):647-658. doi: 10.3382/ps/pew294.
The aim of study was to evaluate the effect on broiler breeders fed with corn or sorghum diets and canthaxanthin on lipid peroxidation, fatty acid, and offspring's performance. A total of 440 females with similar body weight (BW) (3.77 ± 0.11 kg) and 60 roosters were placed in an open-sided house with 20 pens, randomly distributed in a factorial arrangement (2 × 2). There were 4 diets of 2 ingredients; corn (CO) or sorghum (SO) and 2 levels of canthaxanthin; 6 mg/kg (CX) and 0 mg/kg (NCX) totaling five replicate pens of 22 females and 3 males each, from 45 to 65 wk old. The BW was measured every 28 days, carotenoid concentration, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), fatty acid profile (%) in egg yolks, and the performance from two incubations and their offspring were evaluated. The study had the same statistical design as broiler breeders, making a total of 4 groups with 10 replicate pens of 8 chicks each. The BW and mortality were not affected (P > 0.05) by diets. Egg yolks coming from the CO diet had the highest (P < 0.05) lutein (3.8 vs. 0.49 mg/kg) and zeaxanthin (4.25 vs. 0.22 mg/kg) concentration compared to SO diet. The SO+CX diet had the highest CX concentration (P < 0.0001). The SO+CX diet showed the lowest TBARS (P = 0.0002) in the egg yolk compared to the CO+CX diet. Egg yolks coming from breeders fed with CO showed a higher concentration of saturated fatty acids (23.36 vs. 21.44%) and monounsaturated fatty acids (27.17 vs. 24.96%). Egg yolks arising from broiler breeders fed with SO diets showed a higher concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids compared (15.29 vs. 12.88%). The CX reduced the offspring CO diets mortality and improved their viability at 64 wk-old for the broiler breeders (P < 0.05). CX was well absorbed from the diet and effectively transferred to the egg yolk, thereby increasing its concentration in the yolk. This conferred resistance to oxidative stress to the yolk and also later to the developing embryo and its ultimate performance.
本研究的目的是评估用玉米或高粱日粮以及角黄素饲喂肉种鸡对脂质过氧化、脂肪酸和后代性能的影响。总共440只体重相似（体重3.77±0.11千克）的母鸡和60只公鸡被安置在一个有20个围栏的开放式鸡舍中，按照析因设计（2×2）随机分布。有4种由2种成分组成的日粮；玉米（CO）或高粱（SO）以及2种角黄素水平；6毫克/千克（CX）和0毫克/千克（NCX），每个处理有5个重复围栏，每个围栏有22只母鸡和3只公鸡，年龄从45到65周龄。每28天测量一次体重，评估类胡萝卜素浓度、硫代巴比妥酸反应物质（TBARS）、蛋黄中的脂肪酸谱（%）以及两次孵化及其后代的性能。该研究与肉种鸡的统计设计相同，总共分为4组，每组有10个重复围栏，每个围栏有8只雏鸡。日粮对体重和死亡率没有影响（P>0.05）。与高粱日粮相比，来自玉米日粮的蛋黄中黄体素（3.8对0.49毫克/千克）和玉米黄质（4.25对0.22毫克/千克）浓度最高（P<0.05）。高粱+角黄素日粮的角黄素浓度最高（P<0.0001）。与玉米+角黄素日粮相比，高粱+角黄素日粮的蛋黄中TBARS最低（P=0.0002）。来自饲喂玉米日粮的种鸡的蛋黄中饱和脂肪酸（23.36对21.44%）和单不饱和脂肪酸（27.17对24.96%）浓度较高。来自饲喂高粱日粮的肉种鸡的蛋黄中多不饱和脂肪酸浓度较高（15.29对12.88%）。角黄素降低了肉种鸡后代在玉米日粮中的死亡率，并提高了它们在64周龄时的存活率（P<0.05）。角黄素能很好地从日粮中吸收并有效地转移到蛋黄中，从而提高其在蛋黄中的浓度。这赋予了蛋黄以及后来发育中的胚胎抗氧化应激的能力及其最终性能。
