Krcik Elizabeth Marie
Radiol Technol. 2016 Sep;88(1):123-8.
To analyze current preclinical trials and early clinical trials on the effects of concomitant anti-programmed death ligand 1 (anti-PD-L1) immunotherapy and radiation therapy on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) for advanced melanoma and metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.
A literature review was conducted to find current articles about radiation and anti-PD-L1 combinatorial therapy to gain knowledge about T-lymphocyte (T-cell) mediated immune responses, preclinical mouse tumor trials, and early clinical trials.
Several preclinical studies involving mice tumor strains and 2 early clinical trials observed an increase in PFS and OS when testing radiation therapy given in combination with anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy. Abscopal effects of tumor regression and control were notable in some studies.
Low doses of radiation enhance the immune system by increasing T-cell activity. Radiation also increases levels of PD-L1 that inhibit tumor-fighting capabilities of T-cells. Anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy given in combination with radiation therapy has been tested in preclinical studies and hypothesized to increase PFS and OS in patients with advanced melanoma and metastatic NSCLC.
Anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy boosts the immune effects of radiation therapy on tumor regression by eradicating the limiting effects of PD-L1 on the immune system. The combination therapies have the potential to benefit metastatic patients who qualify for the treatment.
分析目前关于抗程序性死亡配体1（抗PD-L1）免疫疗法与放射疗法联合应用对晚期黑色素瘤和转移性非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者无进展生存期（PFS）和总生存期（OS）影响的临床前试验和早期临床试验。
进行文献综述以查找有关放射疗法和抗PD-L1联合疗法的当前文章，以了解T淋巴细胞（T细胞）介导的免疫反应、临床前小鼠肿瘤试验和早期临床试验。
几项涉及小鼠肿瘤菌株的临床前研究和2项早期临床试验观察到，在测试放射疗法与抗PD-L1免疫疗法联合应用时，PFS和OS有所增加。在一些研究中，肿瘤消退和控制的远隔效应显著。
低剂量辐射通过增加T细胞活性来增强免疫系统。辐射还会增加抑制T细胞抗肿瘤能力的PD-L1水平。抗PD-L1免疫疗法与放射疗法联合应用已在临床前研究中进行了测试，并假设可提高晚期黑色素瘤和转移性NSCLC患者的PFS和OS。
抗PD-L1免疫疗法通过消除PD-L1对免疫系统的限制作用，增强了放射疗法对肿瘤消退的免疫效果。联合疗法有可能使符合治疗条件的转移性患者受益。
