Badenes-Ribera Laura, Frias-Navarro Dolores, Iotti Bryan, Bonilla-Campos Amparo, Longobardi Claudio
Department of Methodology of the Behavioral Sciences, University of Valencia Valencia, Spain.
Veterinary and Prevention Department, University of Turin Turin, Italy.
Front Psychol. 2016 Aug 23;7:1247. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01247. eCollection 2016.
Common misconceptions of p-values are based on certain beliefs and attributions about the significance of the results. Thus, they affect the professionals' decisions and jeopardize the quality of interventions and the accumulation of valid scientific knowledge. We conducted a survey on 164 academic psychologists (134 Italian, 30 Chilean) questioned on this topic. Our findings are consistent with previous research and suggest that some participants do not know how to correctly interpret p-values. The inverse probability fallacy presents the greatest comprehension problems, followed by the replication fallacy. These results highlight the importance of the statistical re-education of researchers. Recommendations for improving statistical cognition are proposed.
对p值的常见误解基于对结果显著性的某些信念和归因。因此，它们影响专业人员的决策，并危及干预措施的质量和有效科学知识的积累。我们对164名学术心理学家（134名意大利人，30名智利人）就这一主题进行了调查。我们的研究结果与先前的研究一致，表明一些参与者不知道如何正确解释p值。逆概率谬误存在最大的理解问题，其次是重复谬误。这些结果凸显了对研究人员进行统计再教育的重要性。文中还提出了提高统计认知的建议。
