Morales Santiago, Fu Xiaoxue, Pérez-Edgar Koraly E
The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Psychology, 140 Moore Building, University Park, PA 16802, United States.
The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Psychology, 140 Moore Building, University Park, PA 16802, United States.
Dev Cogn Neurosci. 2016 Oct;21:26-41. doi: 10.1016/j.dcn.2016.08.001. Epub 2016 Aug 28.
There is growing interest regarding the impact of affect-biased attention on psychopathology. However, most of the research to date lacks a developmental approach. In the present review, we examine the role affect-biased attention plays in shaping socioemotional trajectories within a developmental neuroscience framework. We propose that affect-biased attention, particularly if stable and entrenched, acts as a developmental tether that helps sustain early socioemotional and behavioral profiles over time, placing some individuals on maladaptive developmental trajectories. Although most of the evidence is found in the anxiety literature, we suggest that these relations may operate across multiple domains of interest, including positive affect, externalizing behaviors, drug use, and eating behaviors. We also review the general mechanisms and neural correlates of affect-biased attention, as well as the current evidence for the co-development of attention and affect. Based on the reviewed literature, we propose a model that may help us better understand the nuances of affect-biased attention across development. The model may serve as a strong foundation for ongoing attempts to identify neurocognitive mechanisms and intervene with individuals at risk. Finally, we discuss open issues for future research that may help bridge existing gaps in the literature.
人们越来越关注情感偏向性注意对精神病理学的影响。然而，迄今为止的大多数研究缺乏发展性的研究方法。在本综述中，我们考察了情感偏向性注意在发展神经科学框架内塑造社会情感轨迹中所起的作用。我们提出，情感偏向性注意，尤其是如果它稳定且根深蒂固，会充当一种发展性的纽带，随着时间的推移有助于维持早期的社会情感和行为特征，使一些个体走上适应不良的发展轨迹。尽管大多数证据来自焦虑相关文献，但我们认为这些关系可能在多个感兴趣的领域中起作用，包括积极情感、外化行为、药物使用和饮食行为。我们还综述了情感偏向性注意的一般机制和神经关联，以及目前关于注意和情感共同发展的证据。基于所综述的文献，我们提出了一个模型，该模型可能有助于我们更好地理解情感偏向性注意在整个发展过程中的细微差别。该模型可能为正在进行的识别神经认知机制并对有风险的个体进行干预的尝试提供坚实的基础。最后，我们讨论了未来研究的开放性问题，这些问题可能有助于弥合文献中现有的差距。
