Departments of Applied Behavioral Science and Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.
Department of Psychiatry/Mental Health, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev. 2023 Dec;26(4):1025-1051. doi: 10.1007/s10567-023-00458-z. Epub 2023 Oct 11.
Multiple theoretical frameworks have been proposed to provide a more comprehensive picture of the risk factors that influence anxiety-related developmental trajectories. Nonetheless, there remains a need for an integrative model that outlines: (1) which risk factors may be most pertinent at different points in development, and (2) how parenting may maintain, exacerbate, or attenuate an affective style that is characterized by high negative emotional reactivity to unfamiliar, uncertain, and threatening situations. A developmentally informed, integrative model has the potential to guide treatment development and delivery, which is critical to reducing the public health burden associated with these disorders. This paper outlines a model integrating research on many well-established risk mechanisms for anxiety disorders, focusing on (1) the developmental progression from emotional reactivity constructs early in life to those involving higher-level cognitive processes later in youth, and (2) potential pathways by which parenting may impact the stability of youth's cognitive-affective responses to threat-relevant information across development.
已经提出了多种理论框架，以更全面地描述影响焦虑相关发展轨迹的风险因素。然而，仍然需要一个综合模型来概述：(1)哪些风险因素在发展的不同阶段可能最为相关，以及(2)父母教养方式如何维持、加剧或减轻以对陌生、不确定和威胁情境产生高度负面情绪反应为特征的情感风格。一个具有发展意识的综合模型有可能指导治疗的发展和实施，这对于减轻与这些障碍相关的公共卫生负担至关重要。本文概述了一个整合许多已确立的焦虑障碍风险机制的模型，重点关注(1)从生命早期的情绪反应结构到青少年后期涉及更高水平认知过程的发展进展，以及(2)父母教养方式可能影响青少年对威胁相关信息的认知-情感反应稳定性的潜在途径。
