Eser Tolga, Kavalci Cemil, Aydogan Cem, Kayipmaz Afsin Emre
Department of Emergency, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Fevzi Cakmak Street No: 45 Bahcelievler, Cankaya, Ankara, Turkey.
Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey.
Springerplus. 2016 Aug 24;5(1):1411. doi: 10.1186/s40064-016-3107-3. eCollection 2016.
Burn injury is an emergency medical condition that rapidly develops as a result of tissue exposure to electrical, chemical or thermal energy. Therefore, its treatment usually begins at the emergency department. In this study we aimed to perform an epidemiological analysis of burn injuries presenting to the emergency department of a tertiary burn center, and factors affecting the cost of their medical care.
Patients who presented to Baskent University Ankara Hospital Adult Emergency Department with burn injuries between January 2012 and December 2014 were studied for age, sex, time of admission, type of burn injury, clinical prognosis, mortality rate, percent burn area, and total cost of care. A total of 264 patients were enrolled. Chi square test was used for the comparison of categorical variables. Non-parametric tests were used for the comparison of continuous variables.
This study included 179 (67.8 %) women and 85 (32.2 %) men. The most common types of burn injuries were hot water burns and scalding. Eleven point seven percent of the patients sustained burn injuries in occupational accidents. 95.1 % of the patients were discharged from the emergency and 4.5 % of them were hospitalized. Only 1 (0.4 %) patient died. There was no significant difference between patient outcomes (discharge vs. hospital admission) with respect to the cost of care (p = 0.846) No significant difference was found between the cost of care of surgical and non-surgical management of burn injuries (p = 0.206). No significant difference was found between the costs of care of different types of burn injuries (p = 0.053). There was a significant difference between burn degrees with respect to the cost of care (p = 0.038). A significant difference was found between the costs of care of patients with a percent burn area of less than 10 % and those with a percent burn area of more than 10 % (p < 0.001), indicating that as percent burn area increased, a proportional increase occurred in the cost of care.
Burn degree and percent burn area were the main determinants of the cost of care of burn injuries. In conclusion, burn injuries are preventable by taking occupational measures and raising public awareness about domestic accidents.
烧伤是一种紧急医疗状况，因组织暴露于电能、化学能或热能而迅速发展。因此，其治疗通常在急诊科开始。在本研究中，我们旨在对一家三级烧伤中心急诊科收治的烧伤患者进行流行病学分析，以及探讨影响其医疗费用的因素。
对2012年1月至2014年12月期间因烧伤就诊于巴斯肯大学安卡拉医院成人急诊科的患者，研究其年龄、性别、入院时间、烧伤类型、临床预后、死亡率、烧伤面积百分比及总护理费用。共纳入264例患者。采用卡方检验比较分类变量。采用非参数检验比较连续变量。
本研究包括179例（67.8%）女性和85例（32.2%）男性。最常见的烧伤类型是热水烫伤和烫伤。11.7%的患者在职业事故中烧伤。95.1%的患者从急诊科出院，4.5%的患者住院。仅1例（0.4%）患者死亡。在护理费用方面，患者结局（出院与住院）之间无显著差异（p = 0.846）。烧伤手术治疗和非手术治疗的护理费用之间无显著差异（p = 0.206）。不同类型烧伤的护理费用之间无显著差异（p = 0.053）。烧伤程度在护理费用方面存在显著差异（p = 0.038）。烧伤面积百分比小于10%的患者与烧伤面积百分比大于10%的患者的护理费用之间存在显著差异（p < 0.001），表明随着烧伤面积百分比增加，护理费用成比例增加。
烧伤程度和烧伤面积百分比是烧伤护理费用的主要决定因素。总之，通过采取职业措施和提高公众对家庭事故的认识，烧伤是可预防的。
