Gallus Silvano, Lugo Alessandra, Garattini Silvio, Pacifici Roberta, Mastrobattista Luisa, Marzo Giuseppe, Paglia Luigi
Department of Epidemiology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy;
Department of Epidemiology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2016 Dec;18(12):2202-2208. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntw162. Epub 2016 Jul 5.
To investigate the frequency of advice to quit smoking received by the Italian population from general practitioners (GP) and dentists, we analyzed a cross-sectional study.
A face-to-face survey was conducted in 2014 on 3052 individuals, representative of the general Italian population aged 15 years or more.
During the previous year, 89% of individuals (82% of smokers) reported that they had visited a GP while 71% (67% of smokers) had visited a dentist. Among smokers, 25% reported that they had received advice to quit smoking from their GP, and 26% from their dentist. Advice by GPs was less frequently received by smokers with higher education (multivariate odds ratios (OR) were 0.48 for intermediate and 0.38 for high as compared to low education), and more frequently by heavy smokers (≥15 cigarettes/day; OR = 1.78), those with intention to quit (OR = 2.59), with previous quit attempts (OR = 2.09), and those aware of the existence of smoking cessation services (OR = 1.59). Advice by dentists was more frequently received by smokers aged 25-44 years (OR = 3.55 compared to those aged 15-24) and those with an intention to quit (OR = 2.46). Among Italian current smokers, 32% reported that their GP and 17% that their dentist was a current smoker. The corresponding figures among young smokers were 40% and 26%, respectively.
Healthcare providers have the potential to become a key reference point in the fight against smoking. However, before acting, GPs and dentists should set a good example: those who smoke should urgently quit or at least refrain from smoking during working hours.
GPs and dentists, reaching the large majority of Italian smokers, can make a major contribution in the fight against tobacco. Future studies are needed to investigate possible reasons of the apparently high smoking prevalence among GPs, in order to develop tailored smoking cessation interventions for healthcare providers.
为调查意大利民众从全科医生（GP）和牙医处获得戒烟建议的频率，我们分析了一项横断面研究。
2014年对3052名15岁及以上的意大利普通民众代表进行了面对面调查。
在前一年中，89%的人（82%的吸烟者）报告称他们看过全科医生，71%（67%的吸烟者）看过牙医。在吸烟者中，25%的人报告称他们从全科医生那里得到了戒烟建议，26%的人从牙医那里得到了戒烟建议。受教育程度较高的吸烟者较少从全科医生那里获得建议（与低教育程度者相比，中等教育程度者的多变量优势比（OR）为0.48，高等教育程度者为0.38），而重度吸烟者（≥15支/天；OR = 1.78）、有戒烟意愿者（OR = 2.59）、曾尝试戒烟者（OR = 2.09）以及知晓存在戒烟服务者（OR = 1.59）更常从全科医生那里获得建议。年龄在25 - 44岁的吸烟者（与15 - 24岁者相比，OR = 3.55）以及有戒烟意愿者（OR = 2.46）更常从牙医那里获得建议。在意大利当前吸烟者中，32%的人报告称他们的全科医生是当前吸烟者，17%的人报告称他们的牙医是当前吸烟者。年轻吸烟者中的相应比例分别为40%和26%。
医疗保健提供者有可能成为控烟斗争中的关键参考点。然而，在采取行动之前，全科医生和牙医应树立良好榜样：吸烟者应立即戒烟或至少在工作时间内不吸烟。
全科医生和牙医接触到了绝大多数意大利吸烟者，在控烟斗争中可做出重大贡献。未来需要开展研究，调查全科医生中吸烟率明显较高的可能原因，以便为医疗保健提供者制定针对性的戒烟干预措施。
