Department of Psychological, Health, & Learning Sciences, Social Determinants/Health Disparities Lab, University of Houston, Houston, TX.
Oklahoma Tobacco Research Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2017 Nov 7;19(12):1526-1530. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntw227.
Cigarette purchasing patterns may be linked with greater readiness to make a quit attempt and more quit attempts among domiciled samples. However, little is known about the cigarette purchasing patterns of homeless smokers or their potential relations to quitting intention and behaviors. This study redressed this gap among a convenience sample of homeless adult smokers from a large shelter in Dallas, Texas.
Participants (N = 207; Mage = 43; 71.5% male) smoked ≥100 cigarettes over the lifetime and endorsed current daily smoking. Variables assessed included cigarette dependence (time to first cigarette of the day), monthly income, quantity of cigarettes most recently purchased, average money spent on cigarettes weekly, readiness/motivation to quit smoking, and the number intentional quit attempts lasting ≥24h in the past year. Regression analyses were conducted to characterize associations of cigarette purchasing patterns with readiness to quit and quit attempts controlling for sex, age, cigarette dependence, and income.
Most participants purchased cigarettes by the pack (61.4%), and more than half the sample spent ≤$20 on cigarettes per week. Results indicated that spending less money per week on cigarettes was associated with greater readiness to quit (P = .016), even when controlling for income, cigarette dependence, and other covariates. Stratified analyses indicated that this association was significant only for homeless smokers reporting no regular monthly income.
Homeless daily smokers with no reported income who spend little money on cigarettes may make particularly apt targets for cessation interventions due to potential associations with quitting motivation.
Adults who are homeless smoke at greater rates and quit at lower rates than domiciled adults, leading to significant smoking-related health disparities among this group. Findings suggest that cigarette purchasing patterns are linked with readiness to quit smoking among smokers who are homeless. Results elucidate one of the myriad factors that contribute to tobacco-related disparities among this group and findings may have implications for cessation interventions in homeless shelters and other contexts where resources are limited.
在居住样本中，香烟购买模式可能与戒烟准备程度更高和戒烟尝试次数更多有关。然而，对于无家可归吸烟者的香烟购买模式及其与戒烟意愿和行为的潜在关系，我们知之甚少。本研究纠正了德克萨斯州达拉斯市一个大型收容所的便利样本中无家可归成年吸烟者的这一差距。
参与者（N=207；Mage=43；71.5%男性）一生中吸烟≥100 支，并表示目前每天吸烟。评估的变量包括吸烟依赖（一天中第一支烟的时间）、月收入、最近购买的香烟数量、每周平均花费在香烟上的钱数、戒烟的准备/动机以及过去一年中持续≥24 小时的意图戒烟尝试次数。回归分析用于描述控制性别、年龄、吸烟依赖和收入后，香烟购买模式与戒烟准备和戒烟尝试的关联。
大多数参与者按包购买香烟（61.4%），超过一半的样本每周花费≤20 美元购买香烟。结果表明，每周花费在香烟上的钱越少，戒烟准备程度越高（P=0.016），即使控制了收入、吸烟依赖和其他协变量。分层分析表明，对于没有报告定期月收入的无家可归吸烟者，这种关联具有统计学意义。
没有报告收入的无家可归日吸烟人群，如果他们花费较少的钱购买香烟，可能是戒烟干预的特别合适目标，因为这可能与戒烟动机有关。
无家可归的成年人吸烟率较高，戒烟率较低，与该群体中与吸烟有关的健康差距显著。研究结果表明，无家可归吸烟者的香烟购买模式与戒烟准备程度有关。结果阐明了导致该群体中与烟草相关的差异的众多因素之一，研究结果可能对无家可归者收容所和其他资源有限的环境中的戒烟干预措施产生影响。
