Caplan Edward, Dey Indranil, Scammell Andrea, Burnage Katy, Paul Siba Prosad
University of Bristol.
Torbay Hospital, Torquay.
Emerg Nurse. 2016 Sep;24(5):30-8. doi: 10.7748/en.2016.e1594.
Seizure is defined as 'a sudden surge of electrical activity in the brain, which usually affects how a person appears or acts for a short time'. Children who have experienced seizures commonly present to emergency departments (EDs), and detailed history taking will usually help differentiate between epileptic and non-epileptic events. ED nurses are often the first health professionals to manage children with seizures, and this is best done by following the ABCDE approach. Treatment involves termination of seizures with anticonvulsants, and children may need other symptomatic management. Seizures in children can be an extremely distressing experience for parents, who should be supported and kept informed by experienced ED nurses. Nurses also play a vital role in educating parents on correct administration of anticonvulsants and safety advice. This article discusses the aetiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis and management of children with seizures, with particular emphasis on epilepsy. It includes two reflective case studies to highlight the challenges faced by healthcare professionals managing children who present with convulsions.
癫痫发作被定义为“大脑中电活动的突然激增，通常会在短时间内影响一个人的外表或行为”。经历过癫痫发作的儿童通常会前往急诊科（EDs）就诊，详细的病史采集通常有助于区分癫痫性和非癫痫性事件。急诊科护士往往是首批处理癫痫发作儿童的医护人员，最好采用ABCDE方法来进行处理。治疗包括使用抗惊厥药物终止癫痫发作，儿童可能还需要其他对症治疗。癫痫发作对儿童的父母来说可能是极其痛苦的经历，经验丰富的急诊科护士应给予他们支持并及时告知相关情况。护士在教育家长正确使用抗惊厥药物和提供安全建议方面也起着至关重要的作用。本文讨论了癫痫发作儿童的病因、临床表现、诊断和管理，特别强调了癫痫。文中包括两个反思性案例研究，以突出医护人员在处理惊厥儿童时所面临的挑战。
