Brouwer O F
Leids Universitair Medisch Centrum, afd. Neurologie, Leiden.
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1999 Jan 23;143(4):190-3.
There exist various types of epilepsy in children, which can be classified on the basis of nature and severity of the impairment of consciousness and the motor phenomena. The anamnesis is the main aid in distinguishing a seizure from a non-epileptic convulsion. Convulsions may have a number of causes, which may or may not be acute, while several factors may provoke attacks. The extent and necessity of supplementary investigation depend mostly on the child's clinical condition at presentation and on the nature of the seizure(s). The electro-encephalogram is important for the classification of the type of seizure. Anti-epileptic medication should not be started after a single epileptic seizure; whether it will be started after several attacks depends on the frequency and severity of the seizures, and on the syndrome diagnosis made. The long-term prognosis depends mostly on the syndrome diagnosis.
儿童癫痫有多种类型，可根据意识障碍和运动现象的性质及严重程度进行分类。病史是区分癫痫发作与非癫痫性惊厥的主要依据。惊厥可能有多种原因，这些原因可能是急性的，也可能不是，同时一些因素可能诱发发作。辅助检查的范围和必要性主要取决于患儿就诊时的临床状况以及发作的性质。脑电图对癫痫发作类型的分类很重要。单次癫痫发作后不应开始使用抗癫痫药物；数次发作后是否开始用药取决于发作的频率和严重程度以及所做出的综合征诊断。长期预后主要取决于综合征诊断。
