Institute of Water and Wastewater Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego18A, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland.
Top Curr Chem (Cham). 2016 Oct;374(5):67. doi: 10.1007/s41061-016-0068-5. Epub 2016 Sep 12.
Breaking down sludge floc (sonodyspergation effect) and destruction of the cell membranes of microorganisms forming floc is a direct effect of ultrasonic disintegration of sludge excess. This results in release of organic material by liquid sludge (the sonolysis effect). Desired technological effects of the disintegration are: to shorten the hydrolytic phase of fermentation, to increase the production of biogas (source of renewable energy) and an increased mineralization (stability) of fermented sludge. The presented study demonstrates research covering thickened excess sludge of various physicochemical properties, collected from nine municipal sewage treatment plants. The sludge was subjected to ultrasonic disintegration using three differently constructed disintegrators and different proportions of sonification area. Direct effects of disintegration were monitored and recorded using selected indicators describing changes in the properties of sludge and increase of substance dispersed and dissolved in the supernatant liquid to be filtered. Studies have demonstrated that those (direct) effects of ultrasonic disintegration depend on the physicochemical properties of the sludge (foremost the concentration of dry solids) that determine their variable susceptibility to the disintegration methods. The direct effects also depend on optimal process conditions (which consist of the construction of the ultrasonic disintegrator), the geometric proportions of the sonication area and the operating parameters of disintegration (which could be appropriately matched to the characteristics of sludge). The most preferable results were obtained for ultrasonic disintegration of sludge with a dry matter concentration C 0 < 4.2 %. The highest effect of sonolysis-an almost 30-fold increase in the COD dissolved in the supernatant-was obtained for the sludge of lowest dry matter (C 0 = 2.0 %), which was sonicated in a reactor with a short transducer of the largest radiating surface area, as well as the lowest ratio between this area and area of reactor. The best effects of disagglomeration of flocks have corresponded with the high value of power density U UD = 880-900 WL(-1).
使污泥絮体破碎（超声空化效应）并破坏形成絮体的微生物细胞膜是超声消解剩余污泥的直接作用。这导致液体污泥中有机物质的释放（超声裂解效应）。该消解的期望技术效果为：缩短发酵的水解阶段，增加沼气（可再生能源的来源）的产量和增加发酵污泥的矿化（稳定性）。所提出的研究涵盖了来自九个城市污水处理厂的各种物理化学性质的浓缩剩余污泥。使用三种不同构造的分散器和不同比例的声化区对污泥进行超声消解。使用描述污泥特性变化和分散在要过滤的上清液中的物质增加的选定指标监测和记录直接消解的效果。研究表明，这些（直接）超声消解效果取决于污泥的物理化学性质（主要是干固体浓度），这些性质决定了它们对消解方法的可变敏感性。直接效果还取决于最佳工艺条件（包括超声分散器的构造）、声化区的几何比例和消解的操作参数（可以适当地与污泥的特性相匹配）。对于干物质浓度 C 0 <4.2%的污泥，获得了最有利的结果。对于干物质最低（C 0 = 2.0%）的污泥，在具有最大辐射表面积的短换能器的反应器中进行超声处理，并具有最低的面积与反应器面积之比，获得了最高的超声裂解效果-上清液中溶解的 COD 增加了近 30 倍。对于污泥的絮凝体解絮凝的最佳效果与高的功率密度 U UD = 880-900 WL(-1)相对应。
