Department of Mechanical Convergence Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Korea.
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
Sci Rep. 2016 Sep 13;6:33282. doi: 10.1038/srep33282.
Combinations of three simple techniques were utilized to gradually form zirconia nanoneedles from zirconium nanograins. First, a physical vapor deposition magnetron sputtering technique was used to deposit pure zirconium nanograins on top of a substrate. Second, an anodic oxidation was applied to fabricate zirconia nanotubular arrays. Finally, heat treatment was used at different annealing temperatures in order to change the structure and morphology from nanotubes to nanowires and subsequently to nanoneedles in the presence of argon gas. The size of the pure zirconium nanograins was estimated to be approximately 200-300 nm. ZrO2 nanotubular arrays with diameters of 70-120 nm were obtained. Both tetragonal and monoclinic ZrO2 were observed after annealing at 450 °C and 650 °C. Only a few tetragonal peaks appeared at 850 °C, while monoclinic ZrO2 was obtained at 900 °C and 950 °C. In assessing the biocompatibility of the ZrO2 surface, the human cell line MDA-MB-231 was found to attach and proliferate well on surfaces annealed at 850 °C and 450 °C; however, the amorphous ZrO2 surface, which was not heat treated, did not permit extensive cell growth, presumably due to remaining fluoride.
采用三种简单技术的组合，逐渐从锆纳米颗粒中形成氧化锆纳米针。首先，采用物理气相沉积磁控溅射技术在基底上沉积纯锆纳米颗粒。其次，采用阳极氧化技术制备氧化锆纳米管状阵列。最后，在氩气存在下，通过不同的退火温度进行热处理，以将结构和形态从纳米管转变为纳米线，然后转变为纳米针。纯锆纳米颗粒的尺寸估计约为 200-300nm。获得了直径为 70-120nm 的ZrO2纳米管状阵列。在 450°C 和 650°C 退火后观察到四方相和单斜相 ZrO2。在 850°C 时仅出现少量四方相峰，而在 900°C 和 950°C 时获得单斜相 ZrO2。在评估 ZrO2 表面的生物相容性时，发现人乳腺癌细胞 MDA-MB-231 在 850°C 和 450°C 退火的表面上附着和增殖良好；然而，未经热处理的非晶态 ZrO2 表面不允许大量细胞生长，可能是由于残留的氟化物。
